The silica nanocapsules (SiNC) with CTAB (SiNC-CTAB) and free CTAB (SiNC-FREE) were prepared by the microemulsion polymerization process, in which the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as a structure directive as well as a cationic functionalized agent. The structure and properties of these adsorbents were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), nitrogen adsorption–desorption (NAD) analyzer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and pH at point zero charges (pH_pzc) determination. The adsorbents were then characterized for their adsorption behavior towards Pd(II) ions in aqueous solution performed in a batch adsorption experiment. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pd(II) ions onto SiNC-CTAB obtained from the adsorption isotherm was 124.50 mg g⁻¹, which was over 2.4 times higher than that of the SiNC-FREE (51.28 mg g⁻¹). The diffusion modeling analysis by the Weber Morris model indicated that the film diffusion is the controlling step, while the chemical reaction modeling obeyed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The SiNC-CTAB was found to be reusable in which a good adsorption performance of up to 4 adsorption cycles was observed.

通过微乳液聚合法制备了具有CTAB（SiNC-CTAB）和游离CTAB（SiNC-FREE）的二氧化硅纳米胶囊（SiNC），其中十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）被用作结构指令以及阳离子官能化剂。这些吸附剂的结构和性质通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM），透射电子显微镜（TEM），氮吸附解吸（NAD）分析仪，傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）分光光度计，热重分析仪（TGA）和零电荷点的pH值（pH _pzc）确定。然后表征吸附剂在间歇吸附实验中对水溶液中Pd（II）离子的吸附行为。由吸附等温线获得的Pd（II）离子在SiNC-CTAB上的最大吸附容量为124.50 mg g ^-1，是SiNC-FREE（51.28 mg g ^-1）的2.4倍以上。Weber Morris模型的扩散模型分析表明，膜扩散是控制步骤，而化学反应模型服从伪二级动力学模型。发现SiNC-CTAB是可重复使用的，其中观察到高达4个吸附循环的良好吸附性能。