Abstract Cationic lipids with amide or carbamate linker and divalent cationic headgroups were synthesized for a transfection study. Sixteen cationic lipids with double acyl or cholesteryl hydrophobic tails and divalent ammonium headgroups were obtained by a solid phase methodology. The structures of the synthesized lipids were characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The DNA binding affinity of the synthetic lipids was confirmed by gel electrophoresis technique. A lipid with non-symmetrical in length hydrophobic tails (lauroyl and stearoyl) demonstrated higher transfection efficiency than the other lipids in the presence of the helper lipid, dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), when optimized into the HEK293 cell. At 20% of serum, the same lipid showed relative transfection efficiency equal to that of Lipofectamine TM 2000 (L2K). The transfection efficiency of the active lipid was also studied with HeLa, PC3, and HC-04 cell lines. Concerning cell viability, the most potent lipid was non-toxic with respect to the HEK293 and HC-04 cells (over 85% survival). The lipid formed particles of around 380 nm in size with zeta potential around 35 mV at 1: 30 DNA/lipid (weight/weight) ratio.

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不同疏水尾端二价铵头基阳离子脂质的合成及转染效率

摘要 合成了带有酰胺或氨基甲酸酯接头和二价阳离子头基的阳离子脂质用于转染研究。通过固相方法获得了十六种具有双酰基或胆甾醇疏水尾和二价铵头基的阳离子脂质。合成脂质的结构通过光谱技术表征。通过凝胶电泳技术证实了合成脂质的 DNA 结合亲和力。在辅助脂质二油酰磷脂酰乙醇胺 (DOPE) 存在下，当优化到 HEK293 细胞时，具有非对称长度疏水尾部（月桂酰和硬脂酰）的脂质表现出比其他脂质更高的转染效率。在 20% 的血清中，相同的脂质显示出与 Lipofectamine TM 2000 (L2K) 相同的相对转染效率。还使用 HeLa、PC3 和 HC-04 细胞系研究了活性脂质的转染效率。关于细胞活力，最有效的脂质对 HEK293 和 HC-04 细胞无毒（存活率超过 85%）。脂质形成的颗粒大小约为 380 nm，zeta 电位约为 35 mV，DNA/脂质（重量/重量）比为 1:30。