Increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) has a significant effect on plant growth and development. To explore the elevated-CO₂ response, we generated transcriptional profiles over a time course (2 h–14 days) of exposure to elevated CO₂ in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes related to photosynthesis were down-regulated and circadian rhythm-related genes were abnormally regulated in the early to middle phase of elevated CO₂ exposure. To understand the novel mechanism of elevated CO₂ signaling, we focused on 42 unknown small coding genes that showed differential expression patterns under elevated CO₂ conditions. Four transgenic plants overexpressing the small coding gene exhibited a growth-defective phenotype under elevated CO₂ but not under current CO₂. Transcriptome analysis showed that circadian rhythm-related genes were commonly regulated in four transgenic plants. These circadian rhythm-related genes were transcribed in the dark when CO₂ concentrations in the leaf was high. Taken together, our identified four small coding genes are likely to participate in elevated CO₂ signaling to the circadian rhythm.

大气中二氧化碳（CO ₂）的增加对植物的生长和发育具有重要影响。为了探索升高的CO ₂反应，我们在拟南芥中暴露于升高的CO ₂的时间过程（2 h–14天）中产生了转录谱。在增加的CO ₂暴露的早期到中期，与光合作用相关的基因被下调，而昼夜节律相关的基因则被异常调节。为了了解CO ₂信号转导的新机制，我们集中于42个未知的小编码基因，这些基因在CO ₂升高下显示差异表达模式。条件。过量表达小编码基因的四株转基因植物在升高的CO ₂下表现出生长缺陷型，而在当前的CO ₂下则没有。转录组分析表明，昼夜节律相关基因在四种转基因植物中通常受到调控。当叶片中的CO ₂浓度高时，这些昼夜节律相关基因在黑暗中转录。综上所述，我们确定的四个小编码基因可能参与了昼夜节律的升高的CO ₂信号传导。