International initiatives are emphasizing the capture of atmospheric CO₂ in soil organic C (SOC) to reduce the climatic footprint from agroecosystems. One approach to quantify the contribution of management practices towards that goal is through analysis of long-term experiments (LTEs). Our objectives were to analyze knowledge gained in literature reviews on SOC changes in LTEs, to evaluate the results regarding interactions with pedo-climatological factors, and to discuss disparities among reviews in data selection criteria. We summarized mean response ratios (RRs) and stock change rate (SCR) effect size indices from twenty reviews using paired comparisons (N). The highest RRs were found with manure applications (30%, N = 418), followed by aboveground crop residue retention and the use of cover crops (9–10%, N = 995 and 129), while the effect of nitrogen fertilization was lowest (6%, N = 846). SCR for nitrogen fertilization exceeded that for aboveground crop residue retention (233 versus 117 kg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, N = 183 and 279) and was highest for manure applications and cover crops (409 and 331 kg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, N = 217 and 176). When data allows, we recommend calculating both RR and SCR because it improves the interpretation. Our synthesis shows that results are not always consistent among reviews and that interaction with texture and climate remain inconclusive. Selection criteria for study durations are highly variable, resulting in irregular conclusions for the effect of time on changes in SOC. We also discuss the relationships of SOC changes with yield and cropping systems, as well as conceptual problems when scaling-up results obtained from field studies to regional levels.

国际倡议正在强调在土壤有机碳（SOC）中捕获大气中的CO ₂，以减少农业生态系统的气候足迹。量化管理实践对该目标的贡献的一种方法是通过长期实验（LTE）的分析。我们的目标是分析有关LTE中SOC变化的文献综述中的知识，评估与古气候因素相互作用的结果，并讨论数据选择标准中的评论差异。我们使用配对比较（N）总结了来自20条评论的平均反应率（RRs）和股票变化率（SCR）效应大小指数。粪肥施用率最高（30％，N = 418），其次是地上作物残留物的保留和覆盖作物的使用（9-10％，N  = 995和129），而氮肥的影响最低（6％，N  = 846）。施氮的SCR超过了地上作物残留量的SCR（233对117 kg C ha - ¹ 年^-1，N  = 183和279），最高的是肥料施用和覆盖作物（409和331 kg C ha ^{- 1} 年^{- 1}，N = 217和176）。如果数据允许，我们建议同时计算RR和SCR，因为这样可以改善解释。我们的综合表明，评论之间的结果并不总是一致的，与质地和气候的相互作用仍然没有定论。研究持续时间的选择标准变化很大，导致时间对SOC变化的影响得出不规则的结论。我们还将讨论SOC的变化与产量和耕作制度之间的关系，以及从田间研究获得的按比例放大结果到区域水平时的概念性问题。