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Mediterranean Spur-thighed Tortoises (Testudo graeca) exhibit pre-copulatory behavior particularly under specific experimental setups
Journal of Ethology ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s10164-020-00657-z
Mai Bernheim , Snir Livne , Uri Shanas

The pre-copulatory behavior of the Mediterranean Spur-thighed Tortoise (Testudo graeca), especially the means by which males and females find each other in the breeding season, has been poorly addressed. We conducted behavioral experiments to investigate the pre-copulatory behavior of sexually mature T. graeca males and females under semi-natural and restrictive captive conditions. We found that when females were kept under constraining captive conditions, they were no longer approached by males during the breeding season. However, when the females were under semi-natural conditions during the breeding season, males displayed significantly more sniffing, patrolling, and climbing events toward the opposite sex. Moreover, males, that were located inside an enclosure where they could move freely toward surrounding conspecifics, which they could not see, showed a clear preference for the female side of the enclosure. During the non-breeding season, none of these behaviors were displayed. It seems that the mating season begins with males sensing, most likely through a chemo-orientation, the location of females but not vice versa. We suggest that restrictive captivity in females could lead to suppressed reproductive behavior in both sexes, including the pre-copulatory searching behavior that males normally exhibit in the wild. This study presents novel information on the pre-copulatory behaviors of this vulnerable tortoise and emphasizes the importance of housing T. gracea individuals under semi-natural rather than restrictive captive conditions during the breeding season.

中文翻译:

地中海马刺陆龟 (Testudo graeca) 表现出预交配行为,特别是在特定的实验设置下

地中海马刺大腿陆龟 (Testudo graeca) 的交配前行为,尤其是雄性和雌性在繁殖季节相互发现的方式,一直没有得到很好的解决。我们进行了行为实验,以研究性成熟的 T. graeca 雄性和雌性在半自然和限制性圈养条件下的交配前行为。我们发现,当雌性被限制在圈养条件下时,在繁殖季节雄性不再接近它们。然而,当雌性在繁殖季节处于半自然条件下时,雄性对异性表现出明显更多的嗅探、巡逻和攀爬活动。此外,雄性位于围栏内,在那里它们可以自由地向周围的同种动物移动,他们看不到,显示出对围栏女性侧的明显偏好。在非繁殖季节,这些行为都没有表现出来。似乎交配季节开始于雄性感知,很可能是通过化学定向,雌性的位置,但反之则不然。我们认为,对雌性的限制性圈养可能会导致两性的生殖行为受到抑制,包括雄性通常在野外表现出的交配前搜索行为。这项研究提供了关于这种易受伤害的陆龟的交配前行为的新信息,并强调了在繁殖季节将 T. gracea 个体置于半自然而非限制性圈养条件下的重要性。这些行为均未显示。似乎交配季节开始于雄性感知,很可能是通过化学定向,雌性的位置,但反之则不然。我们认为,对雌性的限制性圈养可能会导致两性的生殖行为受到抑制,包括雄性通常在野外表现出的交配前搜索行为。这项研究提供了关于这种易受伤害的陆龟的交配前行为的新信息,并强调了在繁殖季节将 T. gracea 个体置于半自然而非限制性圈养条件下的重要性。这些行为均未显示。似乎交配季节开始于雄性感知,很可能是通过化学定向,雌性的位置,但反之则不然。我们认为,对雌性的限制性圈养可能会导致两性的生殖行为受到抑制,包括雄性通常在野外表现出的交配前搜索行为。这项研究提供了关于这种易受伤害的陆龟的交配前行为的新信息,并强调了在繁殖季节将 T. gracea 个体置于半自然而非限制性圈养条件下的重要性。我们认为,对雌性的限制性圈养可能会导致两性的生殖行为受到抑制,包括雄性通常在野外表现出的交配前搜索行为。这项研究提供了关于这种易受伤害的陆龟的交配前行为的新信息,并强调了在繁殖季节将 T. gracea 个体置于半自然而非限制性圈养条件下的重要性。我们认为,对雌性的限制性圈养可能会导致两性的生殖行为受到抑制,包括雄性通常在野外表现出的交配前搜索行为。这项研究提供了关于这种易受伤害的陆龟的交配前行为的新信息,并强调了在繁殖季节将 T. gracea 个体置于半自然而非限制性圈养条件下的重要性。
更新日期:2020-06-22
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