Workplaces in the oil and gas (O&G) industry have evolved to become part of the modern complex sociotechnical system that characterises onshore and offshore facilities today. The intense interactions between workers, systems, equipment and processes have made companies in this sector more productive. However, significant and complex risks have also emerged. Managing them requires a methodology capable of understanding and recognising how this entire sociotechnical system works. This research uses the FRAM to model the activities performed by drillers, from the perspective of their workplace, inside the drilling unit of an offshore oil rig—a complex sociotechnical system. The interviews, on-board observations and data gathering performed as part of this study provided information that was used to build a FRAM model capable of representing the real work done by drillers inside the doghouses on offshore oil rigs. Through this model, the variability of human behaviour could be analysed in the context of the different situations that may happen, enabling researchers to understand the specific demands of the work and the correlation between WAI and WAD that naturally emerges. This FRAM-based analysis acknowledges that human factors and non-technical skills are responsible for the productive and safe execution of the work in both normal and critical operations situations, and identifies the impact of this variability—positive or negative—in the execution of daily tasks. It shows that workers’ varied responses can properly deal with complex system demands both in normal situations and in emergencies.

中文翻译：

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使用 FRAM（功能共振分析方法）分析海上钻井作业中的人为因素和非技术技能

石油和天然气 (O&G) 行业的工作场所已经发展成为当今陆上和海上设施特征的现代复杂社会技术系统的一部分。工人、系统、设备和流程之间的密切互动使该行业的公司更具生产力。然而，也出现了重大而复杂的风险。管理它们需要一种能够理解和识别整个社会技术系统如何运作的方法。本研究使用 FRAM 对钻井人员在海上石油钻井平台（一个复杂的社会技术系统）的钻井单元内的工作场所进行的活动进行建模。采访中，作为本研究的一部分进行的船上观察和数据收集提供了用于构建 FRAM 模型的信息，该模型能够代表海上石油钻井平台上的狗屋内的钻井人员所做的实际工作。通过这个模型，可以在可能发生的不同情况的背景下分析人类行为的可变性，使研究人员能够了解工作的具体需求以及自然出现的 WAI 和 WAD 之间的相关性。这种基于 FRAM 的分析承认人为因素和非技术技能负责在正常和关键操作情况下高效和安全地执行工作，并确定这种可变性的影响 - 积极或消极 - 在日常执行中任务。