Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most common food crop worldwide and one of the main food products in Kazakhstan. One of the factors leading to crop loss in potato is viral disease. There are more than 30 viruses known to cause diseases in potato. Therefore, using virus-free planting material is an important aspect of growing potato. It is relatively difficult to eliminate viruses from plants, despite the application of isolated apical meristems. In this study, we used the most effective methods to eliminate viral infections, such as electrotherapy, chemotherapy (40 and 50 mg/l), cryotherapy, and thermotherapy. Complete elimination of certain viral infections, such as PVM, PVS, PVX, and PVY, was achieved after chemotherapy with 40 mg/l of ribavirin. A multiplex RT-PCR method was used for efficient monitoring of viral infections, which is more precise than the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). The obtained virus-free planting material will subsequently be used for industrial virus-free potato seed production in Kazakhstan.

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确定在哈萨克斯坦获得用于种植的脱毒马铃薯的有效方法

马铃薯（马铃薯）L.）是全球第四大最常见的粮食作物，也是哈萨克斯坦的主要粮食产品之一。导致马铃薯歉收的因素之一是病毒性疾病。已知有30多种引起马铃薯疾病的病毒。因此，使用无病毒的种植材料是种植马铃薯的重要方面。尽管应用了分离的顶端分生组织，从植物中清除病毒还是相对困难的。在这项研究中，我们使用了最有效的方法来消除病毒感染，例如电疗法，化学疗法（40和50 mg / l），冷冻疗法和热疗法。用40 mg / l的病毒唑进行化疗后，可以完全消除某些病毒感染，例如PVM，PVS，PVX和PVY。多重RT-PCR方法用于有效监测病毒感染，比酶联免疫吸附测定（DAS-ELISA）更精确。获得的无病毒种植材料将随后用于哈萨克斯坦的工业无病毒马铃薯种子生产。