In this paper, detectability analysis is studied and extended to guide selection of measurements for the dynamic state estimation (DSE) of a synchronous machine. To make sure that the DSE converges, past studies suggested that enough measurements must be available to make the system observable. In this paper, the convergence condition is relaxed via detectability analysis to reduce the number of required measurements. Because the objective of the DSE is to estimate the current states as time progresses, it is shown that a DSE observer can converge not only for an observable system but also for an unobservable system if the eigenvalues corresponding to the unobservable states are stable. Simulation results using the IEEE 10-machine, 39-bus system show that the unscented-Kalman-filter-based DSE can converge when measurements are chosen such that the unobservable states have stable eigenvalues. In comparison with observability analysis, the proposed application of detectability analysis can reduce the number of measurements required for the existence of a DSE observer.

中文翻译：

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可探测性分析在电力系统动态估计中的应用

在本文中，可检测性分析被研究和扩展，以指导同步电机动态状态估计 (DSE) 的测量选择。为了确保 DSE 收敛，过去的研究表明必须有足够的测量值才能使系统可观察。在本文中，通过可检测性分析放宽了收敛条件，以减少所需的测量次数。由于 DSE 的目标是随着时间的推移估计当前状态，因此表明，如果对应于不可观察状态的特征值稳定，DSE 观测器不仅可以对可观察系统收敛，也可以对不可观察系统收敛。使用 IEEE 10-machine 的模拟结果，39总线系统表明，在选择测量时，基于unded-Kalman-滤波器的DSE可以收敛，使得不可观察的状态具有稳定的特征值。与可观测性分析相比，所提议的可检测性分析应用可以减少存在 DSE 观测器所需的测量次数。