Natural environments are subject to a range of anthropogenic stressors, with pharmaceutical pollution being among the fastest-growing agents of global change. However, despite wild animals living in complex multi-stressor environments, interactions between pharmaceutical exposure and other stressors remain poorly understood. Accordingly, we investigated effects of long-term exposure to the pervasive pharmaceutical contaminant fluoxetine (Prozac) and acute temperature stress on reproductive behaviors and activity levels in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Fish were exposed to environmentally realistic fluoxetine concentrations (measured average: 38 or 312 ng/L) or a solvent control for 15 months using a mesocosm system. Additionally, fish were subjected to one of three acute (24 h) temperature treatments: cold stress (18 °C), heat stress (32 °C), or a control (24 °C). We found no evidence for interactive effects of fluoxetine exposure and temperature stress on guppy behavior. However, both stressors had independent impacts. Fluoxetine exposure resulted in increased male coercive copulatory behavior, while fish activity levels were unaffected. Under cold-temperature stress, both sexes were less active and males exhibited less frequent reproductive behaviors. Our results demonstrate that long-term exposure to a common pharmaceutical pollutant and acute temperature stress alter fundamental fitness-related behaviors in fish, potentially shifting population dynamics in contaminated ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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长期药物污染和温度胁迫会破坏鱼类行为。

自然环境受到各种人为压力的影响，药物污染是全球变化增长最快的因素之一。然而，尽管野生动物生活在复杂的多重应激环境中，但对药物暴露与其他应激源之间的相互作用仍然知之甚少。因此，我们调查了长期暴露于普遍存在的药物污染物氟西汀（Prozac）和急性温度胁迫对孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）繁殖行为和活动水平的影响。）。使用中膜宇宙系统将鱼暴露于环境现实的氟西汀浓度（测量平均值：38或312 ng / L）或溶剂对照中15个月。此外，对鱼进行了三种急性（24 h）温度处理之一：冷胁迫（18°C），热胁迫（32°C）或对照（24°C）。我们没有发现氟西汀暴露和温度应激对孔雀鱼行为的相互作用的证据。但是，两个压力源都有独立的影响。氟西汀的暴露导致雄性强制交配行为增加，而鱼类活动水平未受影响。在低温胁迫下，男性和女性的活跃度都较低，而男性的生殖行为则较少。