Protein adsorption is influenced by many factors such as temperature, pH, protein size and structure, or surface energy and roughness, among others. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique are two of the techniques more used to produces ultrathin films of proteins on surfaces. In this work, we established protocols for the preparation of nanocoatings of bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein on glass surface using SAMs and LB. Furthermore, we determined how small changes in temperature and pH can affect the covering when SAMs are used. Using a combination of different analyses, such as relative roughness, dynamic contact angles, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), it was possible to establish conditions to obtain a uniform nanocoating using SAMs. The results of the analysis of the nanocoating performed using the LB technique were very similar to those obtained using SAMs. The Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory in conjunction with the AFM images showed that electrostatic interactions are very important in the self-assembly process, but a process dominated solely by attraction is not sufficient to achieve a good SAM nanocoating, since it does not allow proper orientation and packaging of BSA molecules on the glass surface.

中文翻译：

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牛血清白蛋白在玻璃上的纳米涂层：pH和温度的影响

蛋白质吸附受许多因素的影响，例如温度，pH，蛋白质大小和结构，表面能和粗糙度等。自组装单分子层（SAMs）和Langmuir-Blodgett（LB）技术是在表面产生蛋白质超薄膜的两种技术。在这项工作中，我们建立了使用SAM和LB在玻璃表面制备牛血清白蛋白（BSA）蛋白质纳米涂层的方案。此外，我们确定了使用SAM时温度和pH的微小变化会影响覆盖率。结合不同的分析方法，例如相对粗糙度，动态接触角和原子力显微镜（AFM），可以建立条件来使用SAM获得均匀的纳米涂层。使用LB技术进行的纳米涂层的分析结果与使用SAM获得的结果非常相似。Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek（DLVO）理论结合AFM图像显示，静电相互作用在自组装过程中非常重要，但是仅以吸引力为主导的过程不足以实现良好的SAM纳米涂层，因为它不允许BSA分子在玻璃表面上正确定向和包装。