The disruptive potential of additive manufacturing (AM) relies on its ability to make customized products with considerable weight savings through geometries that are difficult or impossible to produce by conventional methods. Despite its versatility, applications of AM have been restricted due to the formation of columnar grains, resulting in solidification defects and anisotropy in properties. To achieve fine equiaxed grains in AM, alloy design and solidification conditions have been optimized in various alloy systems. In this review paper, the microstructure of high-entropy alloy (HEA) parts produced by selective laser melting and powder-based directed energy deposition is investigated. Solidification maps based on laser process parameters (as opposed to most commonly used solidification velocity and temperature gradient) are constructed by compiling available literature for single-phase face-centered cubic, body-centered cubic, and multiphase HEAs. These maps could guide printing of HEAs and provide an insight into the design of novel HEAs for AM.

中文翻译：

---

材料与制造复兴：高熵合金的增材制造

增材制造 (AM) 的颠覆性潜力依赖于它能够通过传统方法难以或不可能生产的几何形状来制造可显着减轻重量的定制产品。尽管具有多功能性，但由于柱状晶粒的形成，导致凝固缺陷和性能各向异性，AM 的应用受到了限制。为了在 AM 中获得细小的等轴晶粒，各种合金系统中的合金设计和凝固条件都已得到优化。在这篇综述论文中，研究了通过选择性激光熔化和粉末基定向能量沉积生产的高熵合金 (HEA) 零件的微观结构。基于激光工艺参数（与最常用的凝固速度和温度梯度相反）的凝固图是通过编译可用的单相面心立方、体心立方和多相 HEA 文献来构建的。这些地图可以指导 HEA 的打印，并提供对 AM 的新型 HEA 设计的深入了解。