Each year, more than half a billion people in the world are affected by stress-related health disorders. Consequently, there is an urgent need for new insights to guide interventions designed to increase stress resilience. Studies of humans and various animals have uncovered the process of stress inoculation, in which exposure to mild stressors enhances subsequent stress resilience. Here, we investigate whether stress inoculation-induced resilience in mice consistently occurs across a multiplicity of different stress contexts (tests). C57BL/6 J adult male mice were randomised either to stress inoculation training (n = 36) or to a non-inoculated, but handled control condition (n = 36). Thereafter, indications of coping and resilience were assessed during (i) acute social defeat in a context similar to that used for stress inoculation training, and (ii) fear conditioning and learned extinction in a novel context. Stress inoculation effects were also assessed during (iii) tail-suspension and (iv) open-field tests that each represent milder stressors. Stress-inoculated mice showed more active defence behaviour during acute social defeat, higher sociability before and after defeat, and greater indications of learned extinction of conditioned fear compared to non-inoculated control mice. Stress-inoculated mice also responded with diminished tail-suspension immobility and open-field defecation. Results suggest that stress inoculation protects against various stressors that differ in quality and relative intensity. Stress inoculation research in mice may serve as the basis for mechanistic studies of global resilience in humans.

每年，世界上有超过 5 亿人受到与压力相关的健康障碍的影响。因此，迫切需要新的见解来指导旨在提高抗压能力的干预措施。对人类和各种动物的研究揭示了压力接种的过程，其中暴露于温和的压力源会增强随后的压力恢复能力。在这里，我们研究了压力接种诱导的小鼠恢复能力是否在多种不同的压力环境（测试）中持续发生。 C57BL/6 J 成年雄性小鼠随机接受应激接种训练 ( n = 36) 或未接种但处理对照条件 ( n = 36)。此后，在（i）在类似于压力接种训练的环境中发生严重的社会失败，以及（ii）在新的环境中进行恐惧调节和习得性消退期间，对应对和恢复力的迹象进行了评估。在（iii）尾部悬挂和（iv）旷场测试中也评估了应激接种效果，每个测试都代表较温和的应激源。与未接种的对照小鼠相比，接种压力的小鼠在急性社交失败期间表现出更积极的防御行为，在失败前后表现出更高的社交性，并且有更大的条件性恐惧习得性消失的迹象。接种压力的小鼠也出现尾部悬吊不动和露天排便减少的反应。结果表明，压力接种可以防止各种质量和相对强度不同的压力源。小鼠的应激接种研究可以作为人类整体恢复力机制研究的基础。