The dynamics of open quantum systems and manipulation of quantum resources are both of fundamental interest in quantum physics. Here, we investigate the relation between quantum Markovianity and coherence, providing an effective way for detecting non-Markovianity based on the quantum-incoherent relative entropy of coherence (\({\mathcal{Q}}{\mathcal{I}}\) REC). We theoretically show the relation between completely positive (CP) divisibility and the monotonic behavior of the \({\mathcal{Q}}{\mathcal{I}}\) REC. Also we implement an all-optical experiment to demonstrate that the behavior of the \({\mathcal{Q}}{\mathcal{I}}\) REC is coincident with the entanglement shared between the system and the ancilla for both Markovian and non-Markovian evolution; while other coherence-based non-Markovian information carriers violate monotonicity, even in Markovian processes. Moreover, both theoretically and experimentally, we show that non-Markovianity enhances the ability of creating coherence on an ancilla. This is the first experimental study of the relation between dynamical behavior of the \({\mathcal{Q}}{\mathcal{I}}\) REC and the phenomenon of information backflow. Our methods for detecting non-Markovianity are applicable to general quantum evolutions.

开放量子系统的动力学和量子资源的操纵都是量子物理学的基本兴趣。在这里，我们研究了量子马尔可夫性与相干性之间的关系，为基于相干性的量子非相干相对熵（\（{\ mathcal {Q}} {\ mathcal {I}} \）提供了一种检测非马尔可夫性的有效方法REC）。从理论上讲，我们证明了完全正（CP）可除性与\（{\ mathcal {Q}} {\ mathcal {I}} \） REC的单调行为之间的关系。此外，我们实施了全光学实验，以证明\（{\ mathcal {Q}} {\ mathcal {I}} \}的行为REC与马尔可夫演化和非马尔可夫演化的系统和辅助子之间的纠缠重合。而其他基于相干性的非马尔可夫信息载体甚至在马尔可夫过程中也违反了单调性。而且，无论从理论上还是实验上，我们都表明非马尔可夫性增强了在辅助线上产生连贯性的能力。这是关于\（{\ mathcal {Q}} {\ mathcal {I}} \） REC的动力学行为与信息回流现象之间关系的首次实验研究。我们的检测非马尔可夫性的方法适用于一般量子演化。