Abstract

There is a high level of heterogeneity in symptom manifestations and response to disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS), an immune-based neurodegenerative disease with ever-increasing prevalence in recent decades. Because of unknown aspects of the etiopathology of MS and mechanism of action of DMTs, the reason for this variability is undetermined, and much remains to be understood. Traditionally, physicians consider switching to other DMTs based on the exacerbation of symptoms and/or change in the results of magnetic resonance imaging and biochemical factors. Therefore, identifying biological treatment response markers that help us recognizing non-responders rapidly and subsequently choosing another DMTs is necessary. microRNAs (miRNAs) are micromanagers of gene expression which have been profiled in different samples of MS patients, highlighting their role in pathogenetic of MS. Recent studies have investigated expression profiling of miRNAs after treatment with DMTs to clarify possible DMTs-mediated mechanism and obtaining response to therapy biomarkers. In this review, we will discuss the modulation of miRNAs by DMTs in cells and pathways involved in MS.

摘要

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种基于免疫的神经退行性疾病，近几十年来患病率不断增加，在症状表现和对疾病缓解疗法 (DMT) 的反应方面存在高度异质性。由于 MS 病因病理学和 DMT 作用机制的未知方面，这种变异性的原因尚未确定，还有很多有待了解。传统上，医生会根据症状的恶化和/或磁共振成像和生化因素的结果的变化考虑改用其他 DMT。因此，有必要识别生物治疗反应标记，帮助我们快速识别无反应者并随后选择另一种 DMT。microRNA (miRNA) 是基因表达的微观管理器，已在 MS 患者的不同样本中进行了分析，突出了它们在 MS 发病机制中的作用。最近的研究调查了用 DMTs 治疗后 miRNA 的表达谱，以阐明可能的 DMTs 介导的机制并获得对治疗生物标志物的反应。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 DMT 对 MS 所涉及的细胞和通路中 miRNA 的调节。