Semi‐natural habitats are characterized by a high diversity of wildlife. However, other areas, e.g. old fields, can also play an important role in biodiversity conservation. We assessed the species richness, abundance, and diversity of wild bees (Apiformes), including species of various functional groups in two contrasting and differently managed landscape types. For this study, we selected 15 xerothermic or sandy grasslands or extensively managed fresh meadows located in agricultural landscapes as well as 15 old fields located in wooded landscapes. The study sites differed in area, stage of succession, and management regime. We did not detect any significant differences in total species richness, abundance, and diversity of Apiformes between the two landscape types, which suggests that both semi‐natural habitats and old fields are highly attractive to bees. The two habitat types, however, differed in species composition and proportions of functional groups. We found that in wooded landscapes, eusocial, hive‐nesting, and large‐sized species increased in abundance. The collected information on the preferences of Apiformes in respect of various habitats and landscapes makes it possible to protect and restore valuable habitats through the implementation of suitable methods of management, both locally and on the scale of landscapes.

中文翻译：

---

在农业和林地景观中对比栖息地的野生蜜蜂（Apiformes）群落：对保护管理的影响

半自然栖息地的特点是野生动物的高度多样性。然而，其他地区，如旧田，也可以在生物多样性保护中发挥重要作用。我们评估了野生蜜蜂 (Apiformes) 的物种丰富度、丰度和多样性，包括两种截然不同且管理方式不同的景观类型中各种功能群的物种。在这项研究中，我们选择了位于农业景观中的 15 片干热或沙质草原或广泛管理的新鲜草地，以及位于树木繁茂景观中的 15 片旧田。研究地点的面积、演替阶段和管理制度各不相同。我们没有发现两种景观类型之间在总物种丰富度、丰度和蜂形目多样性方面有任何显着差异，这表明半自然栖息地和旧田对蜜蜂都非常有吸引力。然而，这两种栖息地类型在物种组成和功能群比例方面存在差异。我们发现，在树木繁茂的景观中，真社会、蜂巢筑巢和大型物种的数量增加了。收集到的关于蜂形目在各种栖息地和景观方面的偏好信息，可以通过在当地和景观范围内实施适当的管理方法来保护和恢复有价值的栖息地。