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Spatial and temporal patterns of initial plant establishment in salt marsh communities
Journal of Vegetation Science ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-26 , DOI: 10.1111/jvs.12915 Kertu Lõhmus 1 , Thorsten Balke 2 , Michael Kleyer 1
Journal of Vegetation Science ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-26 , DOI: 10.1111/jvs.12915 Kertu Lõhmus 1 , Thorsten Balke 2 , Michael Kleyer 1
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Questions: How are dispersal processes, abiotic and biotic interactions determining the initial salt marsh plant community establishment and development when connectivity is different? We aim to answer this question by analysing the spatial and temporal patterns of plant establishment along the environmental gradient at two connectivity settings. Location: Back‐barrier salt marsh and tidal flats of Spiekeroog, northwest Germany Methods: We established an experiment along the salt marsh elevation gradient with bare sediment open for spontaneous colonisation on the natural salt marsh and on the experimental salt marsh islands built on the tidal flats approximately 500 m from the natural salt marsh for low connectivity. Plant establishment was identified from georeferenced photos at least monthly. Results: Experimental islands as low connectivity plots had limited colonisation by annual halophytes that produce large number of small seeds. Number of individuals increased with higher connectivity at salt marsh enclosed patches. Number of individuals was highest at the mid elevations whereas peak species richness was at the upper salt marsh. Temporal patterns of seedling emergence showed increasing plant numbers until end of April followed by gradual incline over the season at the pioneer and lower salt marsh zones. Upper elevations on the other hand had a stable number of low individual counts over time. Spatial clustering of plant individuals indicating possible facilitation was important at the initial stages of salt marsh development at pioneer and lower salt marsh elevation, but only early in the season. Conclusions: Stochastic patterns of early salt marsh colonisation indicated that success of species colonisation was determined by seed properties, seed availability and environmental conditions mediated by elevation. We found indications, that further colonisation was supported by already colonised plants at initial stages, but shifted to avoidance later in the season.
中文翻译：
盐沼群落植物初始建立的时空格局
问题：当连通性不同时，扩散过程、非生物和生物相互作用如何决定初始盐沼植物群落的建立和发展？我们旨在通过分析在两种连接设置下沿环境梯度建立植物的空间和时间模式来回答这个问题。地点：德国西北部 Spiekeroog 的后障盐沼和潮滩 方法：我们沿着盐沼海拔梯度建立了一个实验，裸露的沉积物开放以在天然盐沼和建立在潮汐上的实验盐沼岛上自发殖民公寓距离天然盐沼约 500 m，连通性低。至少每月从地理参考照片中确定植物的建立。结果：作为低连通性地块的实验岛限制了一年生盐生植物的定殖，这些盐生植物会产生大量的小种子。个体数量随着盐沼封闭斑块的更高连通性而增加。个体数量在中海拔最高，而物种丰富度最高在上盐沼。幼苗出现的时间模式显示植物数量增加，直到 4 月底，随后在先锋和低盐沼区的季节逐渐倾斜。另一方面，随着时间的推移，高海拔地区有稳定数量的低个体计数。植物个体的空间聚类表明可能的促进作用在先驱和较低盐沼海拔的盐沼发展的初始阶段很重要，但仅在季节早期。结论：早期盐沼定植的随机模式表明，物种定植的成功取决于种子特性、种子可用性和海拔介导的环境条件。我们发现有迹象表明，在初始阶段已经定植的植物支持进一步定植，但在本季后期转向避免。
更新日期：2020-07-26
中文翻译：
盐沼群落植物初始建立的时空格局
问题：当连通性不同时，扩散过程、非生物和生物相互作用如何决定初始盐沼植物群落的建立和发展？我们旨在通过分析在两种连接设置下沿环境梯度建立植物的空间和时间模式来回答这个问题。地点：德国西北部 Spiekeroog 的后障盐沼和潮滩 方法：我们沿着盐沼海拔梯度建立了一个实验，裸露的沉积物开放以在天然盐沼和建立在潮汐上的实验盐沼岛上自发殖民公寓距离天然盐沼约 500 m，连通性低。至少每月从地理参考照片中确定植物的建立。结果：作为低连通性地块的实验岛限制了一年生盐生植物的定殖，这些盐生植物会产生大量的小种子。个体数量随着盐沼封闭斑块的更高连通性而增加。个体数量在中海拔最高，而物种丰富度最高在上盐沼。幼苗出现的时间模式显示植物数量增加，直到 4 月底，随后在先锋和低盐沼区的季节逐渐倾斜。另一方面，随着时间的推移，高海拔地区有稳定数量的低个体计数。植物个体的空间聚类表明可能的促进作用在先驱和较低盐沼海拔的盐沼发展的初始阶段很重要，但仅在季节早期。结论：早期盐沼定植的随机模式表明，物种定植的成功取决于种子特性、种子可用性和海拔介导的环境条件。我们发现有迹象表明，在初始阶段已经定植的植物支持进一步定植，但在本季后期转向避免。
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