Abstract The electron transport layer (ETL) in planar perovskite solar cells (PSC) is a very important layer which extracts photo generated electrons. The performance of this layer depends significantly on its conductance, band energy and electrical trap density. In this study, doping the TiO2 layer is presented as a solution to decrease the solar power loss by increasing the ETL's conductance. The Li-doped TiO2 films have shown significantly improved characteristics by increasing conductivity and providing faster electron transport. The PSC structures were modeled using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS) to study the effect of various Lithium contents on the efficiency of the PSCs. Key parameters for electrical modeling of planar PSCs were extracted from experimental analysis and reliable sources. A PSC consists of an ETL with 0.3 M Li doped TiO2 resulted a power conversion efficiency of 24.23% which demonstrated 1.97% improvement compared to the one without doping. Pursuant to capacitance-frequency analysis, the doped TiO2 was more conductive and showed lower trap-state density at the ETL/absorber interface compared to the pristine one.

中文翻译：

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合成用于高效平面钙钛矿太阳能电池的锂掺杂 TiO2 电子传输层

摘要 平面钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）中的电子传输层（ETL）是提取光生电子的重要层。该层的性能在很大程度上取决于其电导、带能和电陷阱密度。在这项研究中，掺杂 TiO2 层是通过增加 ETL 的电导来减少太阳能损耗的一种解决方案。通过增加导电性和提供更快的电子传输，锂掺杂的 TiO2 薄膜显示出显着改善的特性。使用太阳能电池电容模拟器 (SCAPS) 对 PSC 结构进行建模，以研究各种锂含量对 PSC 效率的影响。平面 PSC 电气建模的关键参数是从实验分析和可靠来源中提取的。PSC 由一个带 0 的 ETL 组成。3 M Li 掺杂的 TiO2 的功率转换效率为 24.23%，与未掺杂的相比，功率转换效率提高了 1.97%。根据电容-频率分析，与原始的相比，掺杂的 TiO2 具有更高的导电性，并且在 ETL/吸收器界面处显示出更低的陷阱态密度。