While the majority of the regular consumers of alcohol controls their consumption well over life span and even takes instrumentalization benefits from it, a minority, but yet high total number of users develops an alcohol addiction. It has long been known that particular personality types are more addiction prone than others. Here we review recent progress in the understanding of neurobiological pathways that determine personality and facilitate drug abuse. Novel approaches to characterize personality traits leading to addiction proneness in social settings in mice are discussed. A common genetic and neurobiological base for the behavioural traits of sensation seeking or a depressed phenotype and escalating alcohol consumption are reviewed. Furthermore, recent progress on how social and cognitive factors, including impulsivity and decision making, act at brain level to make an individual more vulnerable to alcohol abuse, are discussed. Altogether, this review provides an update on brain mechanisms underlying a broad spectrum of personality traits that make an individual more prone to alcohol and drug abuse and addiction.

尽管大多数常规酒精消费者在整个生命周期内都可以很好地控制其饮酒，甚至可以从中获得仪器化的好处，但是少数但总人数众多的使用者却会上瘾。众所周知，特定的人格类型比其他人更容易上瘾。在这里，我们回顾了了解神经生物学途径，以确定人格并促进药物滥用的最新进展。讨论了表征人格特征的新方法，这些人格特征导致小鼠在社交环境中容易上瘾。常见的遗传和神经生物学基础的行为特征寻求感觉或沮丧的表型和不断增加的酒精消费。此外，关于冲动和决策等社会和认知因素的最新进展，讨论了在大脑层面采取行动，使个人更容易遭受酗酒。总的来说，这篇综述提供了广泛的人格特质背后的大脑机制的更新，这些特质使个人更容易酗酒，滥用药物和上瘾。