This study aims to investigate the evolution of transient force and energy features in a thermo-sensitive cavitating flow around a hydrofoil. A cavitation model is extended to investigate the thermal effect, and a shear stress transfer — partially averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence model is adopted to simulate the cavitating turbulent flow. The distribution of changed cavitation number is consistent with the cavity shape. The evident temperature gradient exists in the vicinity of the closure line, which leads the temperature drop to increasing gradually from the closure line to the centre of the cavity. The changed cavitation number also increases according to this rule. The force element analysis reveals that vortex structures induced by cavity evolution make the lift and drag forces fluctuation. Lift and drag forces increase approximately linearly with the development of sheet cavity. When the large attached sheet cavity separates from the suction surface, the lift and drag forces increase substantially. Conversely, the collapse of cloud cavity causes a sudden reduction of lift and drag forces. About the detailed evolution mechanisms of lift and drag forces, this work also expounds. Moreover, the terms in the kinetic energy transport equation are applied to depict the dissipation and transitivity of energy. The attached sheet cavity suppresses energy dissipation because of the stable flow field. The separation of sheet cavity and the shedding of cloud cavity induce the generation of multiscale vortex structures, and causes the energy loss to increase obviously. Combined with the analysis of the lift and drag forces, the evolution of fluid forces on the hydrofoil is also related to the energy loss.

这项研究旨在调查水翼周围热敏空化流中瞬态力和能量特征的演变。扩展了空化模型以研究热效应，并采用了剪切应力传递-采用部分平均的Navier–Stokes湍流模型来模拟空化湍流。空化次数的分布与腔的形状一致。在封闭线附近存在明显的温度梯度，这导致温度降从封闭线到腔体中心逐渐增加。改变的气穴数也根据该规则增加。力元分析表明，由腔演化引起的涡旋结构使升力和阻力发生波动。提升力和拖曳力随着板腔的发展而近似线性增加。当较大的附着的纸腔从吸力表面分离时，升力和阻力大大增加。相反，云腔的坍塌会引起升力和阻力的突然减小。关于举升和拖曳力的详细演变机理，本文也作了阐述。此外，动能传输方程中的项适用于描述能量的耗散和传递性。由于稳定的流场，附着的薄板腔可抑制能量耗散。片状腔的分离和云腔的脱落诱发了多尺度涡旋结构的产生，并使能量损失明显增加。结合对升力和阻力的分析，