Gallium arsenide (GaAs) and indium oxide (In₂O₃) are used in electronic industries at high and increasing tonnages since decades. Gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) is an emerging wide-bandgap transparent conductive oxide with as yet little industrial use. Since GaAs has received critical attention due to the arsenic ion, it seemed reasonable to compare its toxicology with the respective endpoints of Ga₂O₃ and In₂O₃ toxicology in order to find out if and to what extent arsenic contributes. In addition, the toxicology of Ga₂O₃ has not yet been adequately reviewed, Therefore, this review provides the first evaluation of all available toxicity data on Ga₂O₃. The acute toxicity of all three compounds is rather low. Subchronic inhalation studies in rats and mice revealed persistent pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and/or alveolar histiocytic infiltrates down to the lowest tested concentration in rats and mice, i.e. 0.16 mg Ga₂O₃/m³. These are also the predominant effects after GaAs and In₂O₃ exposure at similarly low levels, i.e. 0.1 mg/m³ each.

Subchronic Ga₂O₃ exposure caused a minimal microcytic anemia with erythrocytosis in rats (at 6.4 mg/m³ and greater) and mice (at 32 and 64 mg/m³), a decrease in epididymal sperm motility and concentration as well as testicular degeneration at 64 mg/m³. At comparable concentrations the hematological effects and male fertility of GaAs were much stronger.

The stronger effects of GaAs are due to its better solubility and presumed higher bioavailability. The database for In₂O₃ is too small and subchronic testing was at very low levels to allow conclusive judgements if blood/blood forming or degrading and male fertility organs/tissues would also be targets.

几十年来，砷化镓（GaAs）和氧化铟（In ₂ O ₃）在电子行业中以高吨位和不断增加的吨位使用。氧化镓（Ga ₂ O ₃）是一种新兴的宽带隙透明导电氧化物，几乎没有工业用途。由于GaAs由于砷离子而受到了广泛关注，因此将其毒理学与Ga ₂ O ₃和In ₂ O ₃毒理学的各自终点进行比较似乎是合理的，以便确定砷是否起作用以及在何种程度上起作用。另外，镓的毒理学₂ O ₃尚未得到足够的审查，因此，本次审查提供了所有有关Ga ₂ O _3的可用毒性数据的首次评估。所有这三种化合物的急性毒性都较低。在大鼠和小鼠中进行的亚慢性吸入研究显示，持续的肺泡肺泡蛋白沉着症（PAP）和/或肺泡组织细胞浸润降至大鼠和小鼠的最低测试浓度，即0.16 mg Ga ₂ O ₃ / m ³。这些也是在GaAs和In ₂ O ₃暴露于相似的低水平（即每个0.1 mg / m ^3）后的主要作用。

亚慢性Ga ₂ O ₃暴露在大鼠（6.4 mg / m ³和更高）和小鼠（32和64 mg / m ³）引起的微红细胞性贫血和红细胞增多，附睾精子活力和浓度以及睾丸减少在64 mg / m ^3时变性。在相当的浓度下，砷化镓的血液学效应和雄性育性要强得多。

GaAs的较强作用是由于其更好的溶解性和较高的生物利用度。In ₂ O ₃的数据库太小，亚慢​​性试验的水平很低，无法做出结论性判断，以确定是否还会将血液/血液形成或降解以及雄性可育器官/组织作为目标。