The photocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) under natural solar irradiation was carried out in liquid–solid regime by using a batch reactor. Home prepared meso-tetra aryl substituted porphyrins (Pps) whether metal-free (H₂Pp) or containing Cu(II) or Zn(II) complexes (CuPp, ZnPp), opportunely functionalized with lipophilic [(3-n-pentadecylphenoxyethoxy)-] chains, were supported on graphitic (g-C₃N₄) or thermo-exfoliated carbon nitride (C₃N₄-TE) to obtain a set of heterogeneous photocatalysts. The loading of the Pps on both carbon nitrides was 6 μmol per gram of support. During the experiments all the photocatalysts resulted active for the conversion of HMF, and in all cases its partial oxidation product, 2,5-furandicarboxyaldehyde (FDC), was selectively obtained in the aqueous suspension. Both carbon nitrides played the key role as photocatalysts whereas the presence of porphyrin improved the visible light absorption. The presence of the metal-porphyrin in the composite slightly increased the selectivity to FDC. The best compromise between selectivity to FDC (36%) and conversion of HMF (73%) was obtained in the presence of the ZnPp-C₃N₄-TE photocatalyst at natural pH. Moreover, at pH 9 the CuPp-C₃N₄-TE sample showed the best performances, indicating that the pH can affect the photocatalytic activity of the samples towards the partial selective oxidation of HMF to FDC.

通过使用间歇式反应器，在液固状态下在自然太阳辐射下对5-羟甲基-2-糠醛（HMF）进行光催化氧化。主页制备内消旋-四芳基取代的卟啉（PPS）是否无金属（H ₂ PP）或含有Cu（II）或Zn（II）络合物（CuPp，锌原卟啉），巧用亲脂性[（3-官能Ñ -pentadecylphenoxyethoxy） -]链，支撑在石墨（gC ₃ N ₄）或热剥落的氮化碳（C ₃ N ₄-TE），以获得一组多相光催化剂。两种氮化碳上Pps的负载量为6μmol/克载体。在实验过程中，所有的光催化剂都具有转化HMF的活性，在所有情况下都可以在水性悬浮液中选择性地获得部分氧化产物2,5-呋喃二甲酸甲醛（FDC）。两种碳氮化物均起着光催化剂的关键作用，而卟啉的存在改善了可见光的吸收。复合物中金属卟啉的存在稍微增加了对FDC的选择性。在天然pH下，在ZnPp-C ₃ N ₄ -TE光催化剂的存在下，对FDC的选择性（36％）和HMF的转化率（73％）之间取得了最佳折衷。此外，在pH 9时，CuPp-C ₃N ₄ -TE样品表现出最佳性能，表明pH值可以影响样品对HMF部分选择性氧化为FDC的光催化活性。