Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most widely grown cereal crops. Numerous pathogens impair the amount and quality of the grain yield. Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh) is a fungal pathogen causing powdery mildew, a widespread and economically important foliar disease. Since there is a limited number of known resistance genes, efforts of scientists and breeders are focused on searching for new sources of resistance. Barley landraces are a known, but still underexploited source of diversity. A set of 79 barley landraces collected in North Africa and the Middle East was tested against powdery mildew at seedling and adult plant stages. Under a controlled environment, 50% of accessions showed resistance conditioned by major genes. Among them, seven accessions showed broad resistance to Bgh isolates that were virulent to most of the known resistance genes. The field experiments carried out under natural infection over several years indicated all accessions as potential sources for resistance breeding. Twelve landraces were found to be medium resistant or resistant during all six seasons. This report relates to barley landraces as a promising source of potentially novel resistance to powdery mildew.

中文翻译：

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评估在北非和中东收集的大麦地方品种在幼苗和成株阶段的白粉病感染

大麦 (Hordeum vulgare L.) 是种植最广泛的谷类作物之一。许多病原体损害粮食产量的数量和质量。Blumeria graminis f. sp. 大麦 (Bgh) 是一种真菌病原体，可引起白粉病，这是一种广泛存在且具有重要经济意义的叶面病害。由于已知的抗性基因数量有限，科学家和育种者的努力集中在寻找新的抗性来源上。大麦地方品种是已知但仍未充分开发的多样性来源。在北非和中东收集的一组 79 种大麦地方品种在幼苗和成株阶段针对白粉病进行了测试。在受控环境下，50% 的种质表现出由主要基因调节的抗性。他们之中，七个种质对 Bgh 分离株表现出广泛的抗性，这些分离株对大多数已知抗性基因具有毒性。多年来在自然感染下进行的田间试验表明，所有种质都是抗性育种的潜在来源。发现 12 种地方品种在所有六个季节都具有中等抗性或抗性。本报告将大麦地方品种作为潜在的新型白粉病抗性来源。