Super-Resolution Orthogonal Deterministic Imaging Technique for Terahertz Subwavelength Microscopy,ACS Photonics

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Super-Resolution Orthogonal Deterministic Imaging Technique for Terahertz Subwavelength Microscopy
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00711
Hichem Guerboukha ₁ , Yang Cao ₁ , Kathirvel Nallappan _{1,

2} , Maksim Skorobogatiy ₁

Affiliation

Terahertz subwavelength imaging aims at developing THz microscopes able to resolve deeply subwavelength features. To beat the diffraction limit, the current trend is to use various subwavelength probes to convert the near-field to the far-field. These techniques offer significant gains in spatial resolution but suffer from low light throughput and are slow due to the necessity of a slow pixel-by-pixel raster scan. In parallel, in the visible spectral range, super-resolution imaging techniques enhance the image resolution by statistically correlating multiple frames of an object backlit by stochastically blinking fluorophores. In this work, we develop a super-resolution imaging technique for the THz range, that we name super-resolution orthogonal deterministic imaging (SODI). Since there are no natural THz fluorophores, we design artificial fluorophores in the form of optimal mask sets brought close to the object. By deterministically controlling the blinking, we avoid statistical averages and reconstruct high resolution images using very few frames. After developing the theoretical basis of SODI, we experimentally demonstrate the second-order resolution improvement using only eight phase and binary amplitude masks. We then show how to extend the SODI technique to higher orders to further improve the resolution. Our methodology can be readily adapted with existing THz phase-sensitive single-pixel imaging systems or any THz amplitude imaging arrays. Finally, this work can be of interest to the optical community in other wavelengths, as our technique can be used to deterministically structure light at a subwavelength scale in order to improve the image resolution with few frames and achieve real-time super-resolution microscopy.

中文翻译：

太赫兹亚波长显微镜的超高分辨率正交确定性成像技术

太赫兹亚波长成像旨在开发能够深解析亚波长特征的太赫兹显微镜。为了超越衍射极限，当前的趋势是使用各种亚波长探头将近场转换为远场。这些技术在空间分辨率上提供了可观的增益，但是光通量较低，并且由于必须进行逐像素的慢速光栅扫描而变得缓慢。同时，在可见光谱范围内，超分辨率成像技术通过统计关联对象的多个帧（通过随机闪烁的荧光团背光）来增强图像分辨率。在这项工作中，我们开发了针对THz范围的超分辨率成像技术，我们将其称为超分辨率正交确定性成像（SODI）。由于没有天然的太赫兹荧光团，我们以接近物体的最佳面罩组的形式设计人工荧光团。通过确定性地控制眨眼，我们避免了统计平均值，并使用很少的帧来重建高分辨率图像。在发展了SODI的理论基础之后，我们通过实验证明了仅使用8个相位和二进制幅度模板即可改善二阶分辨率。然后，我们展示如何将SODI技术扩展到更高的阶数以进一步提高分辨率。我们的方法可以很容易地与现有的太赫兹相位敏感的单像素成像系统或任何太赫兹振幅成像阵列相适应。最后，这项工作可能是其他波长的光学界感兴趣的，

更新日期：2020-07-15

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