The use of sustainable soil management practices is becoming common in wine growing regions around the world in response to an increased awareness of the value of soil health to maintain environmental quality, crop yield, and grape quality. In spite of this, little information is available on the meaning of soil health within a viticultural context, the effects of soil management practices on soil health and the consequences for grape quality and the expression of the terroir. In this review we discuss interrelated dynamic physical, chemical, and biological properties associated with soil health and how they could be important in the expression of the terroir. We focus on the use of cover crops and compost application, two practices commonly used in vineyard soils, and how they affect these physical, chemical and biological aspects of soil health, grape quality and the expression of the terroir. Finally, we discuss research gaps, and best management practices to reduce possible tradeoffs associated with these practices such as the emission of greenhouse gasses.

中文翻译：

---

定义和管理健康的葡萄园土壤，与风土概念的交叉点

随着人们越来越意识到土壤健康对维持环境质量、作物产量和葡萄质量的价值，可持续土壤管理实践的使用在世界各地的葡萄酒产区变得越来越普遍。尽管如此，关于土壤健康在葡萄栽培背景下的意义、土壤管理实践对土壤健康的影响以及对葡萄质量和风土表现的影响的信息很少。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与土壤健康相关的相互关联的动态物理、化学和生物特性，以及它们如何在风土的表达中发挥重要作用。我们专注于使用覆盖作物和堆肥，这是葡萄园土壤中常用的两种做法，以及它们如何影响土壤健康的这些物理、化学和生物方面，葡萄品质和风土的表现。最后，我们讨论了研究差距和最佳管理实践，以减少与这些实践相关的可能权衡，例如温室气体排放。