This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the lifestyle habits, anxiety levels and basic psychological needs (BPN), in Portuguese adults during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including a comparison between genders and age groups. In total, 1404 adults (36.4 ± 11.7 years; 69.6% female) answered sociodemographic data and three instruments: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Basic Need General Satisfaction Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Males revealed higher values for the total energy expenditure (z = −2.26; p = 0.024; ${\eta }^2$ = 0.004) and for the level of satisfaction of competence (z = −2.62; p = 0.009; ${\eta }^2$ = 0.005). Females showed higher scores for the anxiety state (z = −7.87; p ≤ 0.001; ${\eta }^2$ = 0.044) and anxiety trait (z = −6.49; p ≤ 0.001; ${\eta }^2$ = 0.030). Regarding age, higher values for the anxiety trait (p ≤ 0.001; ${\eta }_H^2$ = 0.030) were found in the 18–34 years-old group compared to all the other age groups, also presenting significantly higher values of total energy expenditure (χ² = 13.93; p = 0.008; ${\eta }_H^2$ = 0.007) when compared to the 35–44 years-old group. Significant differences were observed between the 18–34 years-old group and the other age groups for the satisfaction of competence (χ² = 40.97; p ≤ 0.001; ${\eta }_H^2$ = 0.026), except for the >65 years-old group. Strategies for promoting well-being during periods of social isolation should consider the role of psychological dimensions and lifestyle habits according to the gender or age group.

中文翻译：

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探索 COVID-19 期间葡萄牙成年人样本的生活方式习惯、体力活动、焦虑和基本心理需求。


这项横断面研究旨在描述 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行期间葡萄牙成年人的生活习惯、焦虑水平和基本心理需求 (BPN)，包括性别和年龄组之间的比较。总共有 1404 名成年人（36.4 ± 11.7 岁；69.6% 为女性）回答了社会人口统计数据和三种工具：国际体育活动问卷、基本需求总体满意度量表和状态特质焦虑量表。男性的总能量消耗值较高（z = -2.26； p = 0.024；${\eta }^2$ = 0.004）和能力满意度水平（z = -2.62； p = 0.009；${\eta }^2$ = 0.005）。女性的焦虑状态得分较高（z = -7.87； p ≤ 0.001；${\eta }^2$ = 0.044）和焦虑特质（z = -6.49； p ≤ 0.001；${\eta }^2$ = 0.030）。关于年龄，焦虑特质的值较高（ p≤0.001 ；${\eta }_H^2$ = 0。与所有其他年龄组相比，18-34 岁组中发现了显着较高的总能量消耗值（χ2 = 13.93；p = 0.008； p = 0.008；030）。${\eta }_H^2$ = 0.007）与 35-44 岁组相比。 18-34岁组与其他年龄组的能力满意度存在显着差异（χ2=40.97； p≤0.001 ；${\eta }_H^2$ = 0.026），>65岁组除外。在社会隔离期间促进福祉的策略应根据性别或年龄组考虑心理维度和生活习惯的作用。