Antennal sensory organs and glands of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis,Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata

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Antennal sensory organs and glands of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-06 , DOI: 10.1111/eea.12948
Milos Sevarika ₁ , Gabriele Rondoni ₁ , Eric Conti ₁ , Roberto Romani ₁

Affiliation

Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a sub‐cosmopolitan species. Native to Asia, it has been released during the 20th century for classical and augmentative biological control of several herbivorous insects, mostly aphids and coccids. Despite its recognized positive impact on biological control, H. axyridis is now considered among the most dangerous invasive species in Europe and in most places where it has established. This is mostly due to its ability to reduce the populations of native predatory species of the same trophic guild. When exploring a new area, H. axyridis adults use semiochemical cues to acquire information about the habitat. Presumably, these cues are perceived by the sensilla located on the antennae. Surprisingly, in spite of the huge literature existing on H. axyridis, the antennal sensory organs have been poorly characterized. Here, we used scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) techniques to study H. axyridis antennae, with focus on the various types of sensilla and their distribution in male and female individuals. The presence of various classes of antennal sensilla belonging to the main types described in insects (chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and thermo‐hygroreceptors) was highlighted, as well as the widespread presence of antennal glands. The investigations showed some peculiar characteristics not known in Coccinellidae, such as the concentration of sensory structures at the level of the distal part of the apical antennomere and the discovery of antennal glands associated with it. No sexual dimorphism was revealed, neither for the general structure of the antenna (similar number of antennomeres and presence of modifications), nor for the total length and width of the antenna, the relative size of the antennomeres, the types of antennal sensilla, of their distribution and abundance. The potential relevance of these sensory structures and antennal glands, reported for the first time in Coccinellidae, is discussed in the context of intra‐ and interspecific communication.

中文翻译：

丑角瓢虫Harmonia axyridis的触角感觉器官和腺体

Harmonia axyridis (Pallas)（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）是亚世界性物种。它原产于亚洲，在 20 世纪被释放，用于对几种食草昆虫（主要是蚜虫和球虫）进行经典和增强的生物防治。尽管它对生物控制产生了公认的积极影响，但 H. axyridis 现在被认为是欧洲及其建立的大多数地方最危险的入侵物种之一。这主要是由于它能够减少同一营养行会的本地掠食性物种的数量。在探索一个新区域时，H. axyridis 成虫使用符号化学线索来获取有关栖息地的信息。据推测，这些线索是由位于触角上的感觉器感知的。令人惊讶的是，尽管存在大量关于 H. axyridis 的文献，触角感觉器官的特征很差。在这里，我们使用扫描和透射电子显微镜 (SEM, TEM) 技术来研究 H. axyridis 触角，重点关注各种类型的感受器及其在男性和女性个体中的分布。突出了属于昆虫中描述的主要类型（化学感受器、机械感受器和温湿感受器）的各类触角感受器的存在，以及触角腺的广泛存在。调查显示了一些在瓢虫科中未知的特殊特征，例如在顶端触角末端水平的感觉结构的集中以及与之相关的触角腺体的发现。没有发现性别二态性，既不是天线的一般结构（类似数量的触角和修改的存在），也不是天线的总长度和宽度、触角的相对大小、触角感受器的类型、它们的分布和丰度。这些感觉结构和触角腺体的潜在相关性，首次在瓢虫科中报道，在种内和种间交流的背景下进行了讨论。

更新日期：2020-07-06

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