Abstract ‘Traditional conservation’ customarily engages in the dismissal of individual non-human animal claims when these conflict with human interests or prevailing ideas of biodiversity. Emerging conservation paradigms, compassionate conservation (CC) and multispecies justice (MJ), concerned with the prevalence of harm to animals are challenging the normative and practical standards underlying this dismissal. We place these two emerging conservation paradigms in dialogue, highlighting their potential for convergence for appropriately considering nonhuman animal claims. We focus on some theoretical and practical tensions within both paradigms that may hinder their independent application. While we agree on the practice of compassion towards individuals as indispensable to ethics, we demonstrate how questions of harm ubiquitous in ethical dilemmas (situations of conflict) within conservation are inevitably intertwined with evaluations of competing human-animal claims potentially unsolvable only through compassion. Drawing on Mary Midgley's concept of the ‘mixed-community’ of species, we propose MJ as a complementary value promoting animal respect, dignity, and their appropriate consideration through the establishment of baseline duties to others. We recommend justice-promoting principles focused on recognizing different yet equitable sources of moral value (geocentrism), observing equitable consideration, evaluating harm and comparability of claims, among others. We proceed to discuss the limitations of justice, compassion and how we can correct for them, highlighting the indispensability of their simultaneous deployment. We conclude that a comprehensive conservation ethic should promote an ethics-of-care together with the codification and enforcement of animal claims so as to provide explicit ethical guidance in our mixed-community.

中文翻译：

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在保护伦理中弥合同情心和正义

摘要 “传统保护”通常会在与人类利益或普遍存在的生物多样性观念发生冲突时驳回个别非人类动物的主张。新兴的保护范式、同情保护 (CC) 和多物种正义 (MJ)，关注对动物伤害的普遍性，正在挑战这种解雇背后的规范和实践标准。我们将这两种新兴的保护范式置于对话中，突出了它们在适当考虑非人类动物声明方面趋同的潜力。我们关注两种范式中可能阻碍其独立应用的一些理论和实践上的紧张关系。虽然我们同意对个人的同情是伦理不可或缺的，我们展示了在保护中的道德困境（冲突情况）中无处不在的伤害问题是如何不可避免地与对人类与动物的竞争主张的评估交织在一起的，这可能只有通过同情才能解决。借鉴 Mary Midgley 的物种“混合社区”概念，我们建议 MJ 作为一种补充价值，通过建立对他人的基线义务来促进动物尊重、尊严和适当考虑。我们推荐的促进正义的原则侧重于承认不同但公平的道德价值来源（地心主义）、观察公平考虑、评估损害和索赔的可比性等。我们继续讨论正义、同情的局限性以及我们如何纠正它们，强调同时部署的必要性。我们得出的结论是，全面的保护伦理应该促进护理伦理以及动物声明的编纂和执行，以便为我们的混合社区提供明确的伦理指导。