The TNT equivalences of equal masses of propane, a stoichiometric mixture of propane and oxygen, and ammonium-nitrate–fuel-oil (ANFO) were calculated based on the peak hydrostatic and dynamic pressures, the hydrostatic and dynamic pressure positive-phase impulses, and the positive-phase integrated work flux. It was assumed that the propane had been dispersed as a vapour/droplet cloud to form a stoichiometric mixture with atmospheric oxygen before detonation. This is the objective for fuel–air weapons and the worst-case scenario for accidental propane explosions such as boiling liquid expanding vapour explosions. The TNT equivalences of propane/oxygen and ANFO, which have energy yields less than TNT, show little variation when calculated using the different blast wave physical properties. In contrast, the equivalences for propane, which has a significantly higher energy yield than TNT, show a broad range of values, with those based on the impulses being significantly larger than those based on the peak values. The equivalence based on the positive-phase integrated work flux is intermediate between the peak and impulse values. The reasons for these differences are illustrated and discussed.

中文翻译：

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丙烷、丙烷/氧气和 ANFO 的 TNT 等效性研究

等质量的丙烷、丙烷和氧气的化学计量混合物以及硝酸铵-燃料油 (ANFO) 的 TNT 当量是根据峰值静水压力和动压力、静水压力和动压力正相脉冲计算得出的，以及正相积分功通量。假设丙烷在爆炸前已以蒸气/液滴云的形式分散，与大气中的氧气形成化学计量的混合物。这是燃料-空气武器的目标，也是意外丙烷爆炸（例如沸腾液体膨胀蒸汽爆炸）的最坏情况。丙烷/氧气和 ANFO 的 TNT 等价物的能量产额低于 TNT，在使用不同的冲击波物理特性计算时几乎没有变化。相比之下，丙烷的等价物，其能量产出明显高于 TNT，显示出广泛的值，其中基于脉冲的值显着大于基于峰值的值。基于正相积分功通量的等效值介于峰值和脉冲值之间。说明和讨论了这些差异的原因。