To understand how different management interventions influence the forest structure and biodiversity, various components of vascular plant communities were studied and compared in differently managed forest stands and clearings. The number of species, the percentage of the overall cover of alien species, different Raunkier’s life forms’, CRS strategists, the amount of litter and canopy openness were monitored and used for assessment of forest stands condition. We discovered that the species richness and composition of intensively managed forests significantly differ from those with extensive management. Intensive management interventions in commercial plantations, such as mechanical site preparation and the application of herbicides significantly contribute to the decrease of diversity and the spread of alien and ruderal plant species at the expense of native species. On the other hand, when new stands are founded and cared for sensitively, common types of floodplain forests show good regeneration abilities and their species diversity is preserved or quickly renewed. Thus, extensive floodplain forest management results in higher biodiversity and better conditions for the fulfillment of both wood-producing and non-wood-producing functions as well as for sustainable management. We further propose that mechanical site preparation with soil milling and application of herbicides may have a very strong negative impact on the overall biodiversity in forest plantations.

为了了解不同的管理干预措施如何影响森林结构和生物多样性，研究了维管植物群落的各个组成部分，并在不同管理的林分和空地中进行了比较。监测物种数量，外来物种总覆盖率，不同的Raunkier生命形式，CRS战略家，凋落物数量和冠层开放度，并将其用于评估林分状况。我们发现，集约经营森林的物种丰富度和组成与广泛经营森林的物种丰富度和组成显着不同。商业人工林的集约化管理干预措施，诸如机械场地准备和除草剂的应用等以减少原生物种为代价，极大地减少了外来物种和野生植物物种的多样性以及其传播。另一方面，当建立新的林分并敏感地对其进行照料时，普通类型的洪泛区森林显示出良好的再生能力，其物种多样性得到保护或迅速更新。因此，广泛的漫滩森林管理导致更高的生物多样性和更好的条件，以实现木材生产和非木材生产功能以及可持续管理。我们进一步建议，通过土壤碾磨进行机械场地整备和使用除草剂可能会对森林人工林的整体生物多样性产生非常强烈的负面影响。当建立新的林分并敏感地照顾它们时，普通类型的洪泛区森林表现出良好的再生能力，其物种多样性得到保护或迅速更新。因此，广泛的漫滩森林管理导致更高的生物多样性和更好的条件，以实现木材生产和非木材生产功能以及可持续管理。我们进一步建议，通过土壤碾磨进行机械场地整备和使用除草剂可能会对森林人工林的整体生物多样性产生非常强烈的负面影响。当建立新的林分并敏感地照顾它们时，普通类型的洪泛区森林表现出良好的再生能力，其物种多样性得到保护或迅速更新。因此，广泛的漫滩森林管理导致更高的生物多样性和更好的条件，以实现木材生产和非木材生产功能以及可持续管理。我们进一步建议，通过土壤铣削进行机械场地整备和使用除草剂可能会对森林人工林的整体生物多样性产生非常强烈的负面影响。广泛的洪泛区森林管理导致更高的生物多样性和更好的条件，以实现木材生产和非木材生产功能以及可持续管理。我们进一步建议，通过土壤碾磨进行机械场地整备和使用除草剂可能会对森林人工林的整体生物多样性产生非常强烈的负面影响。广泛的洪泛区森林管理导致更高的生物多样性和更好的条件，以实现木材生产和非木材生产功能以及可持续管理。我们进一步建议，通过土壤铣削进行机械场地整备和使用除草剂可能会对森林人工林的整体生物多样性产生非常强烈的负面影响。