The symmetry breaking in the skylight polarization pattern is caused by the shape of the atmosphere and multi-scattering. We analyzed the physical processes of multi-scattering and found out that when neutral points split from two into four there should be an altitude shift of the center of polarization pattern. The altitude shift could be positively related to the split angle of the neutral point, which would reduce the accuracy of polarization navigation based on the single scattering model. To quantify the positive relationship which is useful for error correction in navigation, the Monte-Carlo method was used to simulate the multiple scattering processes of sunlight. The simulation results show that the split angle of the neutral point is in direct proportion to the altitude shift angle. Experimental data from Horvath also show the proportional relation. According to the simulation results and experimental data, an equivalent incident light model was established to explain t...

中文翻译：

---

天窗多重散射和偏振中性点的等效入射光模型

天光偏振图案的对称性破裂是由大气的形状和多重散射引起的。我们分析了多次散射的物理过程，发现当中性点从2分裂为4时，极化图样中心应发生高度偏移。高度变化可能与中性点的分裂角成正相关，这会降低基于单个散射模型的极化导航的准确性。为了量化对导航中的纠错有用的正关系，蒙特卡洛方法用于模拟太阳光的多次散射过程。仿真结果表明，中性点的分裂角与高度偏移角成正比。Horvath的实验数据也显示出比例关系。根据仿真结果和实验数据，建立了等效入射光模型来解释...