The structural design of vehicles plays an important role in improving vehicle safety and driving performance. In this study, the frame structure of a van-type electric truck was taken as a research object. Stress, strain, and modal analyses of this frame structure were performed using Abaqus, a finite element software, to verify the rationality and safety of the structural design. The frame structure was optimized by numerical analysis. The fourth beam was moved 524 mm forward between the installation points of the power battery pack and the rear lifting lug of the front leaf spring. Results showed that the optimized frame bending, the full-load braking condition, and the full-load torsional operating condition stresses decreased by 44.499%, 23.364%, and 31.303%, respectively. The bending stiffness of an optimized frame increased by 4.026%, whereas the front and rear torsional stiffnesses increased by 4.442% and 4.092%, respectively.

车辆的结构设计在提高车辆安全性和驾驶性能方面起着重要作用。在这项研究中，以厢式电动卡车的框架结构为研究对象。使用有限元软件Abaqus对这种框架结构进行了应力，应变和模态分析，以验证结构设计的合理性和安全性。通过数值分析优化了框架结构。第四梁在动力电池组的安装点和前板簧的后吊耳之间向前移动524毫米。结果表明，优化的车架弯曲，满载制动条件和满载扭转操作条件应力分别降低了44.499％，23.364％和31.303％。优化框架的弯曲刚度增加了4.026％，