To promote structurally flexible controllers in self-adaptive software systems, this paper proposes the use of micro-controllers. Instead of generic monolithic controllers, like Rainbow, we advocate the use of service-specific micro-controllers which can be based on microservices. Although traditional generic controllers can be configured parametrically according to system needs, their use and reuse are nevertheless restrictive because of the wide range of services expected from the different stages of the feedback control loop.The solution being advocated is to have structurally flexible controllers that can be composed from micro-controllers. Controlling the architectural configuration of these micro-controllers is a meta-controller that is able to configure the controller according to the services required for controlling the target system. The feasibility of the proposed approach of using micro-controllers at the level of the controller is demonstrated in the context of the PhoneAdapter case study in which micro-controllers are configured at run-time depending on changes affecting the system or its environment.

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微控制器：在自适应软件系统中促进结构灵活的控制器

为了在自适应软件系统中促进结构灵活的控制器，本文提出使用微控制器。我们提倡使用可以基于微服务的特定于服务的微控制器，而不是像 Rainbow 这样的通用单体控制器。虽然传统的通用控制器可以根据系统需求进行参数化配置，但由于反馈控制回路的不同阶段所期望的服务范围广泛，因此它们的使用和重用仍然受到限制。 提倡的解决方案是拥有结构灵活的控制器，可以由微控制器组成。控制这些微控制器的架构配置的是一个元控制器，它能够根据控制目标系统所需的服务来配置控制器。