Bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in the environment (i.e., environmental microbiomes) provide vital ecosystem services and affect human health. Despite their importance, public awareness of environmental microbiomes has lagged behind that of human microbiomes. A key problem has been a scarcity of research demonstrating the microbial connections across environmental biomes (e.g., marine, soil) and between environmental and human microbiomes. We show in the present article, through analyses of almost 10,000 microbiome papers and three global data sets, that there are significant taxonomic similarities in microbial communities across biomes, but very little cross-biome research exists. This disconnect may be hindering advances in microbiome knowledge and translation. In this article, we highlight current and potential applications of environmental microbiome research and the benefits of an interdisciplinary, cross-biome approach. Microbiome scientists need to engage with each other, government, industry, and the public to ensure that research and applications proceed ethically, maximizing the potential benefits to society.

中文翻译：

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跨生物群落主流化微生物

环境中的细菌、真菌和其他微生物（即环境微生物组）提供重要的生态系统服务并影响人类健康。尽管它们很重要，但公众对环境微生物组的认识落后于人类微生物组。一个关键问题是缺乏研究证明环境生物群落（例如，海洋、土壤）之间以及环境和人类微生物群落之间的微生物联系。我们在本文中通过对近 10,000 篇微生物组论文和三个全球数据集的分析表明，跨生物群落的微生物群落在分类学上存在显着的相似性，但跨生物群落研究很少。这种脱节可能会阻碍微生物组知识和翻译的进步。在本文中，我们强调了环境微生物组研究的当前和潜在应用，以及跨学科、跨生物组方法的好处。微生物组科学家需要与彼此、政府、行业和公众合作，以确保研究和应用以合乎道德的方式进行，从而最大限度地为社会带来潜在利益。