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Hidden neural states underlie canary song syntax
Nature ( IF 50.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2397-3
Yarden Cohen 1 , Jun Shen 2 , Dawit Semu 1 , Daniel P Leman 1 , William A Liberti 1, 3 , L Nathan Perkins 1 , Derek C Liberti 4, 5, 6 , Darrell N Kotton 4, 5, 6 , Timothy J Gardner 1, 7
Affiliation  

Coordinated skills such as speech or dance involve sequences of actions that follow syntactic rules in which transitions between elements depend on the identities and order of past actions. Canary songs consist of repeated syllables called phrases, and the ordering of these phrases follows long-range rules 1 in which the choice of what to sing depends on the song structure many seconds prior. The neural substrates that support these long-range correlations are unknown. Here, using miniature head-mounted microscopes and cell-type-specific genetic tools, we observed neural activity in the premotor nucleus HVC 2 – 4 as canaries explored various phrase sequences in their repertoire. We identified neurons that encode past transitions, extending over four phrases and spanning up to four seconds and forty syllables. These neurons preferentially encode past actions rather than future actions, can reflect more than one song history, and are active mostly during the rare phrases that involve history-dependent transitions in song. These findings demonstrate that the dynamics of HVC include ‘hidden states’ that are not reflected in ongoing behaviour but rather carry information about prior actions. These states provide a possible substrate for the control of syntax transitions governed by long-range rules. Neurons in the canary premotor cortex homologue encode past song phrases and transitions, carrying information relevant to future choice of phrases as ‘hidden states’ during song.

中文翻译:

隐藏的神经状态是金丝雀歌曲句法的基础

协调技能(如演讲或舞蹈)涉及遵循句法规则的动作序列,其中元素之间的转换取决于过去动作的身份和顺序。金丝雀歌曲由称为词组的重复音节组成,这些词组的顺序遵循长程规则 1,其中演唱内容的选择取决于多秒前的歌曲结构。支持这些长期相关性的神经基质是未知的。在这里,我们使用微型头戴式显微镜和特定于细胞类型的遗传工具,观察了前运动核 HVC 2 – 4 中的神经活动,因为金丝雀在其曲目中探索了各种短语序列。我们确定了对过去的转换进行编码的神经元,这些神经元延伸超过四个短语并跨越多达四秒和四十个音节。这些神经元优先编码过去的动作而不是未来的动作,可以反映不止一首歌曲的历史,并且主要在歌曲中涉及历史相关过渡的罕见短语期间活跃。这些发现表明,HVC 的动态包括“隐藏状态”,这些状态不会反映在正在进行的行为中,而是携带有关先前行为的信息。这些状态为控制由远程规则管理的语法转换提供了可能的基础。金丝雀前运动皮层同系物中的神经元编码过去的歌曲短语和过渡,携带与未来选择短语相关的信息作为歌曲期间的“隐藏状态”。这些发现表明,HVC 的动态包括“隐藏状态”,这些状态不会反映在正在进行的行为中,而是携带有关先前行为的信息。这些状态为控制由远程规则管理的语法转换提供了可能的基础。金丝雀前运动皮层同系物中的神经元编码过去的歌曲短语和过渡,携带与未来选择短语相关的信息作为歌曲期间的“隐藏状态”。这些发现表明,HVC 的动态包括“隐藏状态”,这些状态不会反映在正在进行的行为中,而是携带有关先前行为的信息。这些状态为控制由远程规则管理的语法转换提供了可能的基础。金丝雀前运动皮层同系物中的神经元编码过去的歌曲短语和过渡,携带与未来选择短语相关的信息作为歌曲期间的“隐藏状态”。
更新日期:2020-06-01
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