Context: Apigenin displays antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, effects of apigenin magnesium (AM) complex on these aspects remain unknown.Objective: This study investigated the effects of AM complex on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).Materials and methods: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of AM complex at concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL were evaluated, comparing to HSCs treated by H2O2 alone. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) levels were measured. Moreover, cell apoptosis, mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), NF-κB, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were assessed.Results: AM complex significantly inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory response at concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL (IC50 = 1.679 mg/mL). AM complex elevated the survival rate of H2O2-treated HSCs and had no toxic effects on HSCs. AM complex also promoted SOD activity and GSH levels but suppressed ROS, MDA, and NO levels. Additionally, AM complex decreased IL-6 and NF-κB levels, gene expression of TGF-β, NF-κB, and iNOS, as well as induced apoptosis of HSCs.Discussion and conclusions: Data indicated that AM complex mitigated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses on H2O2-treated HSCs, suggesting that AM complex is a possible candidate for anti-hepatic diseases. Additional efforts, both in vivo and in humans, are required to assess of AM complex as a potential therapeutic drug in liver diseases.

中文翻译：

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芹菜素镁复合物对过氧化氢诱导的大鼠肝星状细胞氧化应激和炎症反应的保护作用

背景：芹菜素具有抗氧化和抗炎作用。然而，芹菜素镁 (AM) 复合物对这些方面的影响仍然未知。目的：本研究调查了 AM 复合物对过氧化氢 (H2O2) 诱导的大鼠肝星状细胞 (HSC) 氧化应激和炎症反应的影响。方法：与单独用 H2O2 处理的 HSC 相比，评估了浓度为 0.625、1.25 和 2.5 mg/mL 的 AM 复合物的抗氧化和抗炎作用。细胞活力、活性氧 (ROS)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、丙二醛 (MDA)、一氧化氮 (NO)、白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 和核因子-κB 的活性。 NF-κB) 水平被测量。此外，细胞凋亡、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）、NF-κB、和诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS) 进行了评估。结果：AM 复合物在 0.625、1.25 和 2.5 mg/mL (IC50 = 1.679 mg/mL) 的浓度下显着抑制氧化应激和炎症反应。AM 复合物提高了 H2O2 处理的 HSC 的存活率，并且对 HSC 没有毒性作用。AM 复合物还促进 SOD 活性和 GSH 水平，但抑制 ROS、MDA 和 NO 水平。此外，AM 复合物降低 IL-6 和 NF-κB 水平，TGF-β、NF-κB 和 iNOS 的基因表达，以及诱导 HSC 的凋亡。 讨论和结论：数据表明 AM 复合物减轻氧化应激和炎症对 H2O2 处理的 HSC 的反应，表明 AM 复合物可能是抗肝病的候选者。在体内和人体中的额外努力，