It is an important measure to inject inhibitor into coal to prevent coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) disasters. At present, it is still a topic worth discussing about the factors affecting the preventing effect of inhibitors on CSC. For this topic, MgCl₂, CaCl₂ and NH₄H₂PO₄ were firstly selected as inhibitors in this paper to carry out the experiment of pre-injection of inhibitors in coal samples and obtain the coal samples injected with inhibitors. Four factors (injection pressure, injection time, concentration of inhibitor, type of inhibitor) affecting the results of inhibition were analyzed by orthogonal statistical method (OSM). After that, the temperature rise experiment was carried out for the raw coal sample and the coal sample injected with inhibitor. The results showed that: when the concentration of the inhibitor was 25%, the injection pressure was 4MPa and the injection time was 2d, a better pre-injection effect could be achieved. The inhibition rate of coal samples injected with NH₄H₂PO₄ was 25.7%, which was higher than that of MgCl₂ and CaCl₂. Therefore, the inhibitor of NH₄H₂PO₄ injected into coal samples can achieve relatively good inhibition effect. The above contents hope to provide a certain basis for the prevention and control of coal-mine fire.

为防止煤自燃（CSC）灾害，向煤中注入抑制剂是一项重要措施。目前，关于影响抑制剂对CSC预防作用的因素，仍然是一个值得讨论的话题。对于此主题，MgCl ₂，CaCl ₂和NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄本文首先选择了作为抑制剂的煤样，进行了煤样中抑制剂的预注入实验，得到了注入有抑制剂的煤样。采用正交统计法（OSM）分析了影响抑制效果的四个因素（注入压力，注入时间，抑制剂浓度，抑制剂类型）。之后，对原煤样品和注入抑制剂的煤样品进行了升温试验。结果表明：当抑制剂浓度为25％时，进样压力为4MPa，进样时间为2d，可获得较好的预进样效果。NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄注入煤样品的抑制率为25.7％，高于MgCl ₂和CaCl ₂。因此，注入煤样中的NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄抑制剂可达到较好的抑制效果。以上内容希望为煤矿火灾的预防和控制提供一定的依据。