The comprehension of strategies to increase urine production may be important, especially in kibble diets to prevent urolithiasis in cats. The effects of increasing amounts of crude protein (CP) and sodium on the water turnover of cats were evaluated using the water balance (WB) method and the deuterium dilution technique. The study followed a randomized block design, with three blocks of eight cats, two cats per food type in each block, and six cats per food. Four extruded diets with different amounts of CP and sodium were evaluated (on DM basis): 28% CP and 0.58% sodium; 39% CP and 0.64% sodium; 52% CP and 0.76% sodium; and 64% CP and 0.87% sodium. Cats were individually housed in cages for 8 days to measure WB, urea excretion, and faecal and urine characteristics. Deuterium oxide was used to evaluate water turnover, and during the period cats were housed in a collective cattery. The data were analysed by an F test, and the means were compared by polynomial contrasts. The ɑ level of significance was set at 0.05. The methods were compared by Pearson correlation, and Bland and Altman analysis. The increase in the CP content elevated linearly the renal excretion of urea (p < .001), and, together with the higher sodium intake, elevated the renal solute load, which resulted in a linear increase in urine production and water intake (p < .01). The urine density, metabolic water, and faecal and insensible water losses did not differ (p > .05). The water flux increased linearly when using the deuterium method (p < .001), but the obtained values were 20.85 ± 11.11 ml/cat/day higher than those verified using the WB method (p = .001). Higher CP and sodium amounts in dry diets increased the urine production and water consumption of cats, and this can be explored as a possible option to increase urination.

中文翻译：

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粗蛋白和钠摄入量对饲喂膨化饮食的猫水分周转的影响

了解增加尿液产生的策略可能很重要，尤其是在粗磨食物中以预防猫的尿石症。使用水平衡 (WB) 方法和氘稀释技术评估增加粗蛋白 (CP) 和钠的量对猫的水分周转的影响。该研究采用随机区组设计，三个区组有 8 只猫，每个区组中每种食物类型有 2 只猫，每种食物有 6 只猫。评估了四种含有不同量 CP 和钠的膨化日粮（以 DM 为基础）：28% CP 和 0.58% 钠；39% CP 和 0.64% 钠；52% CP 和 0.76% 钠；和 64% CP 和 0.87% 钠。将猫单独关在笼子中 8 天，以测量 WB、尿素排泄以及粪便和尿液特征。氧化氘用于评估水的周转率，在此期间，猫被安置在集体猫舍中。数据由一个F检验，均值采用多项式对比法进行比较。ɑ 显着性水平设定为 0.05。通过 Pearson 相关以及 Bland 和 Altman 分析对这些方法进行了比较。CP 含量的增加线性增加了尿素的肾脏排泄 ( p  < .001)，并且与较高的钠摄入量一起增加了肾脏溶质负荷，这导致尿液产生和水摄入量线性增加( p  < .001) .01)。尿密度、代谢水、粪便和无感水损失没有差异（p  > .05）。使用氘法时，水通量呈线性增加 ( p  < .001)，但所得值比使用 WB 法验证的值高 20.85 ± 11.11 ml/cat/day (p  = .001)。干粮中较高的 CP 和钠含量会增加猫的尿液产生和饮水量，这可以作为增加排尿的一种可能选择进行探索。