Floral biology and potential hybridization of three sympatric epiphytic bromeliads in Veracruz, Mexico,Plant Species Biology

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Floral biology and potential hybridization of three sympatric epiphytic bromeliads in Veracruz, Mexico
Plant Species Biology ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 , DOI: 10.1111/1442-1984.12279
Kareen Ramírez‐Rosas _{1,

2} , Armando Aguirre‐Jaimes ₃ , Ivón M. Ramírez‐Morillo ₄ , José G. García‐Franco ₁

Affiliation

In the Bromeliaceae, hybrids have been engineered for horticultural purposes; in addition, hybrids have been observed in natural habitats. We investigated the hybridization potential of three sympatric species of Tillandsia inhabiting secondary forests and shaded coffee plantations in the central mountains of Veracruz, Mexico. The studied species (T. juncea, T. polystachia and T. variabilis) show overlap in flowering phenology and are believed to share pollinators. We compared the floral morphology of the species, performed controlled intra‐ and interspecific pollinations, and recorded pollen tube growth, fruit and seed set, as well as seed germination. Flower size differed among the species, but stamen and stigma heights were similar between pairs of species, which would facilitate interspecific pollen exchange. Pollen tubes reached the ovary in interspecific crosses. The three species showed interspecific cross‐compatibility, as all crosses resulted in development of mature fruit and viable seeds. Tillandsia juncea achieved the highest fruit set, whereas T. variabilis showed the highest seed set. Seed set as a result of agamospermy, autogamy, geitonogamy and interspecific cross‐pollination did not differ among the species. The findings suggest that pre‐ and post‐pollination barriers are weak among the three species of Tillandsia, which thus could potentially hybridize in natural sympatric populations.

中文翻译：

墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州三个同伴附生凤梨科的花生物学和潜在杂交

在凤梨科，杂交植物被设计用于园艺目的。另外，已经在自然栖息地中观察到杂种。我们调查了居住在墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯中心山区次生森林和阴凉的咖啡种植园的铁兰的三种同伴物种的杂交潜力。所研究的物种（T. juncea，T。polystachia和T. variabilis）在开花物候方面表现出重叠，并被认为是授粉媒介。我们比较了该物种的花形，进行了受控的种内和种间授粉，并记录了花粉管的生长，果实和种子的结实以及种子的发芽。花的大小在物种之间不同，但是雄蕊和柱头高度在成对的物种之间相似，这将促进种间花粉的交换。花粉管通过种间杂交到达子房。这三个物种表现出种间的交叉兼容性，因为所有的杂交都导致成熟果实和有活力的种子的发育。il铁柳获得最高的坐果率，而T. variabilis显示出最高的结实率。种间无子生殖，自交，同卵异交和种间异花授粉的结实无差异。研究结果表明，在铁兰的三种物种中，授粉前和授粉后的屏障较弱，因此有可能在自然同胞种群中杂交。

更新日期：2020-06-17

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