The capability of devices in future ubiquitous networked wearable and implantable electronics to efficiently scavenge and store operational power from their working environment through sustainable pathways would enable viable self‐powering schemes in societally‐pervasive applications such as advanced healthcare and robotics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can efficiently harvest the ubiquitous mechanical energy for powering electronics and sensors. However, the majority of demonstrated TENG prototypes have been built with materials that are not biodegradable or biocompatible, which significantly hinders the application of TENGs for wearable and implantable technologies. In this review, the recent progress of the wearable and implantable triboelectric devices built with bio‐derived natural materials is summarized. The properties of these natural biopolymers are discussed in the context of self‐powered triboelectric applications. The common manufacturing methods for processing these materials into triboelectric devices are also discussed. In addition, the applications of the bio‐derived natural materials based TENGs for in vitro and in vivo applications are discussed. Finally, the outstanding challenges and potential opportunities for the development of bio‐derived natural materials based triboelectric devices targeting wearable and implantable human‐integrated applications are analyzed.

中文翻译：

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用于自供电无处不在的可穿戴和植入式智能设备的基于生物衍生天然材料的摩擦电设备

未来的无处不在的联网可穿戴和可植入电子设备中的设备能够通过可持续途径有效地清除和存储其工作环境中的运行功率的能力，将在诸如高级医疗保健和机器人技术等广泛应用的社会中实现可行的自供电方案。摩擦电动纳米发电机（TENG）可以有效地收集无处不在的机械能，为电子设备和传感器供电。但是，大多数已证明的TENG原型都是使用不可生物降解或无法生物相容的材料制成的，这极大地阻碍了TENG在可穿戴和可植入技术中的应用。在这篇综述中，总结了由生物衍生的天然材料制成的可穿戴和植入式摩擦电装置的最新进展。这些天然生物聚合物的性能在自供电摩擦电应用的背景下进行了讨论。还讨论了将这些材料加工成摩擦电器件的常用制造方法。此外，还讨论了基于生物的天然材料TENG在体外和体内应用的应用。最后，分析了针对可穿戴和可植入人类集成应用的基于生物的天然材料摩擦电器件的开发面临的巨大挑战和潜在机会。讨论了基于TENGs的生物来源天然材料在体外和体内应用的应用。最后，分析了针对可穿戴和可植入人类集成应用的基于生物的天然材料摩擦电器件的开发面临的巨大挑战和潜在机会。讨论了基于TENGs的生物来源天然材料在体外和体内应用的应用。最后，分析了针对可穿戴和可植入人类集成应用的基于生物的天然材料摩擦电器件的开发面临的巨大挑战和潜在机会。