Abstract The integration of indigenous viewpoints in Ecosystem Service frameworks and planning processes are often lacking, necessitating a need to integrate diverse perspectives for knowledge coproduction. The study adopts a comparative analysis to explore local perceptions of the diversity of forest ecosystem services and values for ecological restoration among urban and rural Vhavenda groups in the Vhembe District of South Africa. We apply the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) framework to structure ecosystem services to explore how well indigenous perspectives are represented. Rural populations identified the provisioning services of forests as more important compared to urban populations to support subsistence lifestyles with a higher dependence on natural resources. Rural values for ecological restoration were dominated by biocultural restoration objectives to revive indigenous knowledge and local practices and inter-generational learning experiences. Trade-offs exist among urban groups where forests are valued for employment and tourism and rural groups where intangible values are associated with the spiritual importance of sacred forests. However, commonalities between rural and urban residents persist with collective objectives to restore biodiversity and ecosystem services, enhance collaborations between stakeholders and stimulate education experiences that draw on indigenous and scientific knowledge of forest ecosystems. Our study points to the challenges of ecosystem service valuation and considers the importance of integrating stakeholder values for informing deliberative decision-making.

中文翻译：

---

恢复森林重振我们的文化：南非城乡联系的生态系统服务和生态恢复价值

摘要 生态系统服务框架和规划过程中往往缺乏土著观点的整合，需要整合不同观点以进行知识联合生产。该研究采用比较分析来探索当地对南非 Vhembe 区城市和农村 Vhavenda 群体森林生态系统服务多样性和生态恢复价值的看法。我们应用国际生态系统服务通用分类 (CICES) 框架来构建生态系统服务，以探索土著观点的表达情况。与城市人口相比，农村人口认为森林的供应服务更重要，以支持对自然资源更高依赖的生存生活方式。生态恢复的农村价值观以恢复土著知识和地方实践以及代际学习经验的生物文化恢复目标为主。森林因就业和旅游而受到重视的城市群体与无形价值与神圣森林的精神重要性相关联的农村群体之间存在权衡取舍。然而，农村和城市居民之间的共同点仍然存在，共同目标是恢复生物多样性和生态系统服务，加强利益相关者之间的合作，并激发利用森林生态系统的土著和科学知识的教育经验。我们的研究指出了生态系统服务估值的挑战，并考虑了整合利益相关者价值观对协商决策的重要性。