Abstract This article develops a quantile regression model to measure the magnitude of the direct rebound effect for residential electricity demand based on micro-level data from an original survey of a representative sample of 2356 French households. We explore the rebound effect for different groups of residents. Traditionally, debate has focused on decreased prices for energy services due to efficiency improvements and their effects on energy demand. The methodological innovation provided by this paper is that it implements two theoretical estimation strategies: (i) energy efficiency elasticity of the demand for energy services, and (ii) price elasticity of the demand for energy services. Our findings reject the hypothesis of a backfire effect in the context of residential electricity use. Specifically, based on energy efficiency elasticity, we provide evidence of a rebound effect of between 72% and 86% but with substantial heterogeneity among consumption quantiles. Our results show that the direct rebound effect has critical relevance for energy efficiency policy in the face of energy invisibility in France.

中文翻译：

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使用分位数回归和原始调查数据仔细检查法国家庭的直接反弹效应

摘要 本文基于对 2356 个法国家庭的代表性样本的原始调查的微观数据，开发了一个分位数回归模型来衡量住宅电力需求的直接反弹效应的大小。我们探讨了不同居民群体的反弹效应。传统上，争论主要集中在由于效率提高及其对能源需求的影响而导致的能源服务价格下降。本文提供的方法创新在于它实施了两种理论估计策略：（i）能源服务需求的能源效率弹性，以及（ii）能源服务需求的价格弹性。我们的研究结果否定了住宅用电环境中适得其反的假设。具体而言，基于能效弹性，我们提供了 72% 到 86% 之间的反弹效应的证据，但消费分位数之间存在很大的异质性。我们的研究结果表明，面对法国的能源隐形，直接反弹效应对能源效率政策具有重要意义。