Amphibians are the most endangered class of vertebrates. In this study, Xenopus laevis frogs were exposed to 0, 1 and 10 mg/L of triadimefon or triadimenol. After 14 or 28 days of exposure, high levels of triadimefon or triadimenol obstructed the growth of frogs. However, low levels of triadimefon induced the growth of females after the longer period of exposure. We also found that the antioxidant enzyme activity and LDH levels in males were higher than those in females after 28-days exposure. In histopathology tests, triadimenol exerted more effect on the ovary while triadimefon exerted more effect on the testes. Additionally, the levels of Estradiol in all 14-day treatments, except 1 mg/L triadimenol, were significantly decreased, however, there was no difference in testosterone levels. Furthermore, triadimefon and triadimenol disrupted the expression of genes controlling hormone homeostasis and reproduction, and this effect depended on the exposure time and the gender of the organism. Our experiments explored the effect of triadimefon and its metabolite on the gonads of frogs and highlighted the role that pesticides are likely to play in the global decline of amphibians.

两栖动物是最濒危的脊椎动物。在这项研究中，非洲爪蟾青蛙暴露于三唑酮或三苯二酚的浓度为0、1和10 mg / L。暴露14或28天后，高三唑酮或三苯二酚会阻碍青蛙的生长。然而，低剂量的三唑酮会导致女性在更长的暴露时间后生长。我们还发现，暴露28天后，雄性的抗氧化酶活性和LDH水平高于雌性。在组织病理学测试中，三苯二酚对卵巢的作用更大，而三唑酮对睾丸的作用更大。此外，除1 mg / L三苯甲酚外，所有14天治疗中的雌二醇水平均显着降低，但睾丸激素水平无差异。此外，三唑酮和三苯二酚破坏了控制激素稳态和繁殖的基因的表达，而这种影响取决于暴露时间和生物的性别。我们的实验探索了三唑酮及其代谢物对青蛙性腺的影响，并强调了农药可能在两栖动物的全球衰退中发挥的作用。