In this paper, a novel broadband hybrid piezoelectric-electromagnetic-electrostatic energy harvester with frequency up-conversion is proposed to improve the harvesting bandwidth and energy conversion efficiency. The designed device generates vibration energy with much higher frequency than ambient vibration frequency, which uses the magnet to impact periodically on the piezoelectric cantilever with the top electrode of electrostatic element. The dynamic model of the hybrid energy harvester is established, and performances are experimental tested under the sinusoidal excitation and practical application environment. The results show that multi-mechanisms composite structure can realize the complementary advantages of electrostatic-piezoelectric-electromagnetic mechanisms and improve the energy conversion efficiency effectively compared with a single harvesting mechanism. The fabricated harvester can output electric energy in the frequency range of 1–38 Hz, which significantly reduces frequency dependence, and the maximum power is measured to be 11.7 mW and 12 mW during cycling and walking respectively, which is the sum of the power generated by three different elements. Furthermore, the fabricated prototype can also light up six light-emitting diodes (LEDs) simultaneously when handy shaking.

为了提高采集带宽和能量转换效率，提出了一种新型的上变频宽带混合压电-电磁-静电能量采集器。设计的设备产生的振动能量的频率要比环境振动频率高得多，后者利用磁体周期性地撞击带有静电元件顶部电极的压电悬臂梁。建立了混合能量采集器的动力学模型，并在正弦激励和实际应用环境下进行了性能测试。结果表明，多机构复合结构可以实现静电－压电－电磁机制的互补优势，与单一收获机制相比，可以有效提高能量转换效率。组装好的收割机可以输出1–38 Hz频率范围内的电能，从而大大降低了频率依赖性，在骑行和行走过程中，最大功率分别为11.7 mW和12 mW，这是所产生功率的总和由三个不同的元素组成。此外，所制造的原型在方便摇动时还可以同时点亮六个发光二极管（LED）。测得的最大功率分别为骑行和步行时的11.7 mW和12 mW，这是三个不同元素产生的功率之和。此外，所制造的原型在方便摇动时还可以同时点亮六个发光二极管（LED）。测得的最大功率分别为骑行和步行时的11.7 mW和12 mW，这是三个不同元素产生的功率之和。此外，所制造的原型在方便摇动时还可以同时点亮六个发光二极管（LED）。