Wind and wave loadings have a predominant role in the design of articulated offshore towers for its successful service and survival. Such towers are very sensitive to the dynamic effect of environmental loads. The compliant nature of these towers with environmental loads introduces geometric nonlinearity due to large displacements, which becomes an important consideration in the analysis of these towers. This article deals with the dynamic response of a bi-articulated offshore tower to wind, wave, and current forces. The exposed portion of the tower is subjected to the action of wind, while the submerged portion is acted upon by random wave and current forces. Wind load is modeled by Ochi and Shin spectrum, while the wave load is characterized by Pierson–Moskowitz spectrum. The nonlinear dynamic equations of motion are derived by Hamilton’s principle. Response of the tower is determined by a time domain iterative (Wilson-θ) method. Power spectral density of important parameters such as surge, tilting motion, hinge shear, and bending moment are presented under high and low sea states. It is observed that response of tower due to current modifies the peak energy of power spectral density functions.

中文翻译：

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电流对双铰接海上塔架动力响应的影响

风荷载和波浪荷载在铰接式海上塔的设计中起主要作用，以确保其成功服务和生存。这种塔对环境载荷的动态影响非常敏感。由于大位移，这些塔对环境载荷的顺应性引入了几何非线性，这成为分析这些塔的一个重要考虑因素。本文讨论双铰接式海上塔架对风、波浪和水流的动态响应。塔的暴露部分受到风的作用，而淹没部分则受到随机波浪和水流的作用。风荷载由 Ochi 和 Shin 谱建模，而波浪荷载由 Pierson-Moskowitz 谱表征。运动的非线性动力学方程是由哈密顿原理推导出来的。塔的响应由时域迭代 (Wilson-θ) 方法确定。在高低海况下呈现了浪涌、倾斜运动、铰链剪切和弯矩等重要参数的功率谱密度。据观察，由于电流引起的塔响应修改了功率谱密度函数的峰值能量。