The Asteraceae family is widely known for its therapeutic, aromatic, and nutritional properties. Chaptalia nutans (C. nutans), a member of the family, is widely used in folk medicine in southern Brazil. In this study, we aim to assess compounds present in root extracts of C. nutans, and evaluate their antioxidant capacity and toxicity. To determine the chemical composition of the extract, was performed through Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectroscopy. Antioxidant capacity, toxicity (Artemia salina biosassay), cytotoxicity, genotoxicity (Allium cepa test), and neurotoxicity (Drosophila melanogaster model) were evaluated. A large number of bioactive phytoconstituents were determined to be present, such as alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, terpenes, and especially phenolic compounds, which may explain the antioxidant capacity of the extract. Extracts had the capacity to protect cells from protein and lipid damage, and inhibit the formation of oxygen radicals. The A. salina bioassay revealed that extracts were only slightly toxic. In A. cepa, cells exposed to 1.5 mg/mL extract were protected against chromosomal damage caused by glyphosate, and had mitotic index values that were reduced by 49%. A concentration of 10 mg/mL extract did not kill flies, and when coadministered with paraquat (PQ) (52.5%) produced a mortality rate of only 18.75%. These findings indicated that the extract had the potential to protect against PQ-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together, these data reveal for the first time that the root extract of C. nutans is a rich source of natural antioxidants. The extract may be useful in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

中文翻译：

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Chaptalia nutans Polak：根提取物具有较高的体外抗氧化活性和较低的体内细胞毒性

菊科家族以其治疗，芳香和营养特性而闻名。Chaptalia nutans（C. nutans）是该家族的成员，在巴西南部广泛用于民间医学。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估存在于C. nutans根提取物中的化合物，并评估其抗氧化能力和毒性。为了确定提取物的化学组成，通过液相色谱与质谱联用进行。抗氧化能力，毒性（卤虫生物测定），细胞毒性，遗传毒性（葱属cepa试验）和神经毒性（果蝇）模型）。确定存在大量生物活性植物成分，如生物碱，香豆素，类黄酮，萜烯，尤其是酚类化合物，这可以解释提取物的抗氧化能力。提取物有能力保护细胞免受蛋白质和脂质的破坏，并抑制氧自由基的形成。该卤虫生物测定发现，提取物只有轻微毒性。在cepa中暴露于1.5 mg / mL提取物的细胞具有抗草甘膦引起的染色体损伤的保护作用，其有丝分裂指数值降低了49％。浓度为10 mg / mL的提取物并没有杀死苍蝇，与百草枯（PQ）（52.5％）并用时，死亡率仅为18.75％。这些发现表明该提取物具有预防PQ诱导的神经毒性的潜力。综上所述，这些数据首次揭示了C. nutans的根提取物是天然抗氧化剂的丰富来源。提取物可用于食品和制药行业。