STUDY OBJECTIVES This field study a) assessed sleep quality of sailors on United States Navy (USN) ships while underway, b) investigated whether the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were affected by occupational factors and sleep attributes, and c) assessed whether the PSQI could predict impaired psychomotor vigilance performance. METHODS Longitudinal field assessment of fit-for-duty USN sailors performing their underway duties (N=944, 79.0% males, median age 26 years). Participants completed questionnaires, wore actigraphs, completed logs, and performed the wrist-worn 3-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). RESULTS Sailors slept on average 6.60±1.01 hours/day with 86.9% splitting their sleep into more than one episode/day. The median PSQI Global score was 8 (IQR=5); 80.4% of the population were classified as "poor sleepers" with PSQI scores>5. PSQI scores were affected by sailor occupational group, rank, daily sleep duration, and number of sleep episodes/day. Sleep quality showed a U-shape association with daily sleep duration due to the confounding effect of split sleep. Sailors with PSQI scores>9 had 21.1% slower reaction times (p<0.001) and 32.8% to 61.5% more lapses combined with false starts (all p<0.001) than sailors with PSQI scores>9. Compared to males and officers, females and enlisted personnel had 86% and 23% higher risk, respectively, of having PSQI scores>9. Sailors in the PSQI>9 group had more pronounced split sleep. CONCLUSIONS Working on Navy ships is associated with elevated PSQI scores, a high incidence of poor sleep, and degraded psychomotor vigilance performance. The widely used PSQI score>5 criterion should be further validated in active-duty service member populations.

中文翻译：

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美国海军水手的睡眠质量、职业因素和精神运动警戒表现

研究目标 本实地研究 a) 评估航行中美国海军 (USN) 舰艇上的水手的睡眠质量，b) 调查匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI) 分数是否受职业因素和睡眠属性的影响，以及 c) 评估是否PSQI 可以预测受损的精神运动警觉表现。方法 对执行其航行任务的美国海军适航海员进行纵向实地评估（N=944，79.0% 男性，中位年龄 26 岁）。参与者完成问卷、佩戴活动记录仪、完成日志并执行腕戴式 3 分钟精神运动警戒任务 (PVT)。结果 水手平均每天睡眠 6.60±1.01 小时，其中 86.9% 的人每天睡眠时间超过一集。PSQI 全球得分中位数为 8（IQR=5）；80.4%的人口被归类为“