Current-Density-Dependent Electroplating in Ca Electrolytes: From Globules to Dendrites,ACS Energy Letters

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Current-Density-Dependent Electroplating in Ca Electrolytes: From Globules to Dendrites
ACS Energy Letters ( IF 19.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01153
Shengda D. Pu ₁ , Chen Gong ₁ , Xiangwen Gao ₁ , Ziyang Ning ₁ , Sixie Yang ₁ , John-Joseph Marie _{1,

2} , Boyang Liu _{1,

2} , Robert A. House _{1,

2} , Gareth O. Hartley _{1,

2} , Jun Luo ₃ , Peter G. Bruce _{1,

2,

4,

5} , Alex W. Robertson ₁

Affiliation

Multivalent cation rechargeable batteries, including those based on Ca, Mg, Al, etc., have attracted considerable interest as candidates for beyond Li-ion batteries. Recent developments have realized promising electrolyte compositions for rechargeable Ca batteries; however, an in-depth understanding of the Ca plating and stripping behavior and the mechanisms by which adverse dendritic growth may occur remains underdeveloped. In this work, via in situ transmission electron microscopy, we have captured the real-time nucleation, growth, and dissolution of Ca and the formation of dead Ca and demonstrated the critical role of current density and the solid-electrolyte interphase layer in controlling the plating morphology. In particular, the interface was found to influence Ca deposition morphology and can lead to Ca dendrite growth under unexpected conditions. These observations allow us to propose a model explaining the preferred conditions for reversible and efficient Ca plating.

中文翻译：

钙电解质中与电流密度有关的电镀：从小球到枝晶

包括基于Ca，Mg，Al等的那些的多价阳离子可再充电电池作为超越锂离子电池的候选者已经引起了相当大的兴趣。最近的发展已经实现了用于可再充电的Ca电池的有前景的电解质组合物。然而，对钙电镀和剥离行为以及可能发生不利的树枝状生长的机理的深入了解仍未得到开发。在这项工作中，通过原位透射电子显微镜，我们已经捕获了钙的实时成核，生长和溶解以及死钙的形成，并证明了电流密度和固体电解质中间层在控制镀层形态中的关键作用。特别是发现该界面会影响Ca的沉积形态，并在意外条件下导致Ca枝晶生长。这些观察结果使我们能够提出一个模型，解释可逆和有效的钙镀层的优选条件。

更新日期：2020-07-10

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