Frogs are important predators of Odonata. We investigated frogs catching Odonata prey by means of slow-motion filming in the field in order to understand the prey–predator interactions. In particular, we aimed to analyse kinematics of captures, and of Odonata fleeing, through evaluation of frame-by-frame filming; 122 (20%) of 613 events were analysed. While dragonflies were ovipositing, frogs were sitting and waiting motionless, or they sneaked slowly towards the intended prey. The speed of the lashing tongue was much higher than the start and flight velocities of Odonata during escape attempts. The reaction time of Odonata was around 45×10–3 s, and it was not correlated to capture rate. The fleeing behaviour of Odonata cannot be considered to be stereotypical. The usual fleeing measure was to evade sideways to the jump direction of the frog, with the individual turning their body to one side and flying away from the frog. Perched odonates escaped by overturning to one side, sometimes falling into the water, or by flying in a loop. To escape, individuals were observed flying backward with the head down, in two cases. From the video clips, capture rates were counted. Large Anisoptera escaped more often than small Zygoptera. Anax imperator females mostly escaped after capture by fighting with strong wing beats, even when pulled under water by the frog.

中文翻译：

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在火线上——猎蛙和蜻蜓目之间的互动

青蛙是蜻蜓目重要的天敌。为了了解猎物与捕食者的相互作用，我们通过实地慢动作拍摄调查了青蛙捕捉蜻蜓猎物的情况。特别是，我们旨在通过对逐帧拍摄的评估来分析捕获和 Odonata 逃跑的运动学；分析了 613 个事件中的 122 个 (20%)。蜻蜓在产卵时，青蛙就坐在那里一动不动地等待，或者它们慢慢地偷偷靠近预定的猎物。在逃跑过程中，绑住舌头的速度远高于蜻蜓的启动和飞行速度。Odonata的反应时间约为45×10-3 s，与捕获率无关。蜻蜓的逃跑行为不能被认为是陈规定型的。通常的逃跑措施是向青蛙的跳跃方向侧身躲避，个体将身体转向一侧并飞离青蛙。栖息的齿龙通过向一侧倾覆、有时掉入水中或在循环中飞行而逃脱。为了逃脱，在两种情况下，人们被观察到头朝下向后飞行。从视频剪辑中，计算捕获率。大型异翅目比小型合翅目逃逸的频率更高。Anax 帝王雌性在被捕获后大多通过用强烈的翅膀拍打而逃脱，即使被青蛙拉到水下也是如此。大型异翅目比小型合翅目逃逸的频率更高。Anax 帝王雌性在被捕获后大多通过用强烈的翅膀拍打而逃脱，即使被青蛙拉到水下也是如此。大型异翅目比小型合翅目逃逸的频率更高。Anax 帝王雌性在被捕获后大多通过用强烈的翅膀拍打而逃脱，即使被青蛙拉到水下也是如此。