Introduction

To tackle challenges associated with traditional drug carriers, investigators have explored cells, cellular membrane, and macromolecular components including proteins and exosomes for the fabrication of delivery vehicles, owing to their excellent biocompatibility, lower toxicity, lower immunogenicity and similarities with the host. Biomacromolecule- and biomimetic nanoparticle (NP)-based drug/gene carriers are drawing immense attention, and biomimetic drug delivery systems (BDDSs) have been conceived and constructed.

Areas covered

This review focuses on BDDS based on mammalian cells, including blood cells, cancer cells, adult stem cells, endogenous proteins, pathogens and extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Expert opinion

Compared with traditional drug delivery systems (DDSs), BDDSs are based on biological nanocarriers, exhibiting superior biocompatibility, fewer side effects, natural targeting, and diverse modifications. In addition to directly employing natural biomaterials such as cells, proteins, pathogens and EVs as carriers, BDDSs offer these advantages by mimicking the structure of natural nanocarriers through bioengineering technologies. Furthermore, BDDSs demonstrate fewer limitations and irregularities than natural materials and can overcome several shortcomings associated with natural carriers. Although research remains ongoing to resolve these limitations, it is anticipated that BDDSs possess the potential to overcome challenges associated with traditional DDS, with a promising future in the treatment of human diseases.

中文翻译：

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生物启发药物递送系统的研究进展。

介绍

为了应对与传统药物载体相关的挑战，研究人员已经探索了细胞，细胞膜和大分子成分（包括蛋白质和外来体），用于制造运载工具，这是由于它们具有出色的生物相容性，较低的毒性，较低的免疫原性以及与宿主的相似性。基于生物大分子和仿生纳米颗粒（NP）的药物/基因载体引起了极大的关注，并且已经构想并构建了仿生药物递送系统（BDDS）。

覆盖区域

这篇综述集中在基于哺乳动物细胞的BDDS上，包括血细胞，癌细胞，成年干细胞，内源蛋白，病原体和细胞外囊泡（EVs）。

专家意见

与传统的药物递送系统（DDS）相比，BDDS基于生物纳米载体，具有优越的生物相容性，较少的副作用，天然靶向性和多种修饰。除了直接使用诸如细胞，蛋白质，病原体和电动汽车等天然生物材料作为载体外，BDDS还通过生物工程技术模仿天然纳米载体的结构，从而提供了这些优势。此外，BDDS比天然材料显示出更少的限制和不规则性，并且可以克服与天然载体相关的一些缺点。尽管为解决这些局限性而进行的研究仍在进行中，但预计BDDS具有克服与传统DDS相关的挑战的潜力，在人类疾病的治疗方面前景广阔。