Introduction

Management of Osteoarthritis (OA) still is a challenge for clinicians. Taking into account a multidisciplinary approach including pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, intra-articular (IA) injection could be considered as an effective local therapy.

Areas covered

This review provides a new perspective of IA treatment going beyond current available IA agents. We describe novel biological targets for developing new IA agents and innovative modalities of delivery systems. Additional topics include predictors of response for a better choice of IA agents for each patient, diagnostic and prognostic role of biomarkers, accuracy of IA injection, and cost-effectiveness of IA injection.

Expert opinion

IA treatments seem to be very promising for the management of OA. Identifying clinical and biochemical predictive factors could drive clinician to the appropriate therapeutic approach. To date, there is a gap regarding the benefit of IA treatments in the ‘real practice’ once they have been adopted. However, considering these promising effects of IA approach, several open questions remain not clarified.

中文翻译：

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关节内治疗在骨关节炎治疗中的观点。

介绍

骨关节炎（OA）的管理仍然是临床医生面临的挑战。考虑到包括药物和非药物治疗在内的多学科方法，关节内注射可以被认为是一种有效的局部疗法。

覆盖区域

这篇综述提供了IA治疗的新视角，超越了现有的IA代理。我们描述了开发新的IA代理和交付系统的创新方式的新型生物学目标。其他主题包括为每个患者更好地选择IA药物的反应预测因子，生物标志物的诊断和预后作用，IA注射的准确性以及IA注射的成本效益。

专家意见

IA治疗似乎对OA的治疗很有前景。识别临床和生化预测因素可以促使临床医生采取适当的治疗方法。迄今为止，在采用“真实实践”后，IA治疗的益处尚存在差距。但是，考虑到IA方法的这些有希望的效果，仍未弄清几个悬而未决的问题。